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- Journal "Ethnic culture"
- Issue 2
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Bursyylis – singers of good: mystical practices and narratives
Research ArticleEthnic Culture Volume 6 No 2- Author:
- Oleg I. Ulyashev
- Work direction:
- Ethnography, Ethnology and Anthropology
- Abstract:
- The article is devoted to the mystical component of the religious practice of the upper Vychegdas Orthodox community of bursyylisy 'singers of good' (Komi Republic). The community was organized by Stepan Ermolin, a native of the Myeldinsky pogost, a translator of sacred texts from Church Slavonic and Russian into the Komi language, in the 1900s. Religious services of the "singers of good" were held in the Komi-Zyryan language, in continuation of the traditions established in the 14th century by the First Baptist of the Vychegdas Perm people (ancestors of the Komi-Zyrians) St. Stephen, the first bishop of Perm. The current of bursylisy spread along the upper Vychegda, communities arose in the villages of Myeldino, Usty-Nem, Pozheg, Skorodum, Vylygort, Bogorodsk. For some community members, spirit-vision or "communication with the saints / the Mother of God / Christ" in a state of trance was typical. The article attempts to reconstruct the conditions, ways and methods of achieving altered states of consciousness by spirit-seers, and also explains the reasons for the sharp decline of this phenomenon in the 1950s.
- Keywords:
- Upper Vychegda, hypercapnia, hyperoxidatia, hypoxemia, spirit-workers, altered states of consciousness, Orthodox community
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Ritual functions of clothing in the memorial rites of the Chuvashs
Research ArticleEthnic Culture Volume 6 No 2- Author:
- Igor G. Petrov
- Work direction:
- Ethnography, Ethnology and Anthropology
- Abstract:
- Clothes perform many functions functions. One of them is the ritual function, according to which it becomes an important tool or object of various magical practices. In this article, using the example of the сhuvashs of the Volga-Ural region, the functions of the deceased’s clothes in the customs and rituals of the memorial cycle are considered. On separate thematic blocks, the role of clothing as a ritual item at large commemorations, at the fortieth day commemoration, as well as at general summer commemorations was investigated. The article is based on published works on the history and ethnography of the chuvashs of the 19th – early 20th centuries, archival sources, as well as field materials of the author collected in different years in the Republic of Bashkortostan and the Republic of Tatarstan. It has been revealed that in the funeral rites, clothes appear and are actively used as a substitute for the deceased, as well as an offering addressed to the deceased on behalf of living relatives. Thanks to these qualities, clothing is one of the important and universal means of communication between the world of the living and the world of the dead. Rites with clothes in memorial rites have been preserved and exist in modern ritual practice. Such stability, on the one hand, is due to the deep archaic and conservative funeral rite as a whole, on the other hand, the comparative stability of this ritual to modern innovations.
- Keywords:
- Volga-Ural region, Chuvashs, funeral and memorial rites, clothing and its ritual functions
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Libraries of Russian-Karaite educational bodies of the Taurida province and their role in the dissemination of education among national minorities of the region (second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries)
Review ArticleEthnic Culture Volume 6 No 2- Author:
- Ekaterina A. Chepurko
- Work direction:
- Ethnography, Ethnology and Anthropology
- Abstract:
- In this article, the author examines the activities of educational libraries at Russian-Karaite educational institutions of the Taurida province: the ministerial and Aleksandrovskaya Karaite religious schools, created in the post-reform period in the second half of the 19th century. The purpose of the article is to analyze the formation of educational and educational activities of scientific libraries at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, to study their role in the education of the Crimean Karaites. When preparing publications, we used documents stored in the funds of the State Archives of the Republic of Crimea, information contained in collections of school statistics of the specified period, as well as materials from pre-October periodicals. By replenishing the technical funds of the library of school and academic educational literature, as well as new works by Russian and foreign authors, students gradually became acquainted with the latest achievements of pedagogical and philosophical thought, increasing their educational, cultural and intellectual level. Based on the documents and materials studied, the author of the article comes to the conclusion that the libraries of Russian-Karaite educational bodies played a decisive role in the spread of education among Karaite youth in the Taurida province (gubernia).
- Keywords:
- Karaites, Taurida province (gubernia), Russian-Karaite educational bodies, libraries
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National Specificity of German Secondary Nominations with Zoonyms Schwein or Sau in Their Composition
Research ArticleEthnic Culture Volume 6 No 2- Author:
- Yuriy A. Vorobyev
- Work direction:
- World languages and literature
- Abstract:
- The article presents the results of the analysis of German secondary nominations with Schwein or Sau zoonyms. The aim of the analysis was to identify common and nationally specific features of these nominations against the background of their Russian equivalents. The relevance of this study is due to the need for a comprehensive study of secondary nominations, taking into account their axiological aspects, which have a certain cultural uniqueness and cause nationally unique semantic transformations in the lexical meaning of these units. The study used the methods of descriptive, comparative-comparative, component analysis, the method of critical dictionary analysis and dictionary definitions. These methods allowed us to conclude that the nominative potential of the secondary meanings of the German zoonym Schwein or Sau is more pronounced in comparison with their Russian equivalents. The analysis also showed a wider evaluative spectrum of German units and a greater variability of the axiological component in their lexical meaning both under the influence of the contextual environment and without it. Secondary nominations with the indicated zoonyms in their composition were selected as the main material of the study, identified by means of a continuous sampling from German explanatory, encyclopedic, phraseological and linguocultural dictionaries, German language resources, as well as German-Russian dictionaries.
- Keywords:
- semantics, secondary nominations, evaluative component of semantics, zoonyms, phraseological phrases, German language
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Strategies of Translating Phraseological Units (on the Interview of Vladimir Putin to Tucker Carlson)
Research ArticleEthnic Culture Volume 6 No 2- Authors:
- Yulia Y. Klykova, Irina Y. Shachkova
- Work direction:
- World languages and literature
- Abstract:
- The article is devoted to the analysis of the functioning of linguistic units in socio-political texts. The authors of the article are interested in studying phraseological units in political discourse. Phraseologisms as a means of expressing expressiveness and implementing the pragmatic function of language are used by politicians to influence public and personal consciousness and, in some cases, to agitate for action. The aim of the research is to determine the strategies of translating phraseological units used by the Russian President Vladimir Putin in his interview with American journalist Tucker Carlson. In order to achieve this aim we conducted a comparative analysis of the most frequent ways of translating fixed phrases from Russian into English, and we also analysed the problems faced by simultaneous interpreters while translating them. The research was performed by the random sampling technique along with descriptive analysis and contextual interpretation methods. As a result of the analysis, we can make a conclusion that Vladimir Putin’s speech is characterized by national cultural features, abundant use of metaphors, phraseological units and occasional phraseologisms. At the same time, we have identified the most common strategy of translating phraseological units – the phraseological analogy, which makes it possible to identify translation equivalents that are different in form and image, but similar in content and meaning for the recipient culture.
- Keywords:
- phraseological units, political discourse, political speech, V. Putin, strategies of translating
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The place of biblionyms in the onomastic space
Review ArticleEthnic Culture Volume 6 No 2- Author:
- Maria A. Markova
- Work direction:
- World languages and literature
- Abstract:
- The work is devoted to the study of biblionyms as one of the most important components of onomastics. It examines the biblionymy of Chuvash, Russian and English fiction using the methods of continuous sampling, systematization and classification of material, descriptive-analytical and comparative approaches. At the moment, biblionyms have not been studied enough. At the same time, their study is relevant and significant, since the title can be the key to understanding the text. This work is intended to clarify the interpretation of the term “biblionym”. At the same time, the author examines the functions of biblionyms, their classification, and identifies the place of titles in the system of onomastic terminology of the languages under study, which in the future should contribute to the development of the general theory of onomastics. The author of the work suggests using the term “biblionym” to understand the name of any text. At the same time, from his point of view, there is a need to introduce into onomastic studies such terms as “microbiblionym” for the names of chapters, paragraphs and constituent parts of the text and “macrobiblionim” for the names of collections of texts. By its position, a biblionym is a means of connecting the text with the outside world, in particular with the reader. Based on the biblionym, the reader will be able to form an idea of the content of the text.
- Keywords:
- onomastics, English language, Chuvash language, Russian language, biblionym
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The students’ main problems in using multimedia resources for learning a foreign language
Research ArticleEthnic Culture Volume 6 No 2- Author:
- Tamara A. Kordon
- Work direction:
- Ethno-Cultural Problems of Education
- Abstract:
- The work reveals to the study of the students’ main problems coming by using multimedia resources to learn a foreign language. the research actuality is determined by the requirements of modern educational standards for foreign language proficiency as an integral part of successful professional activity in modern society. the article analyzes the works reflecting the most relevant topics and problems related to the use of multimedia in teaching foreign languages. they are important for generalizing existing pedagogical experience. the method of questioning and correlation analysis of the obtained data was used in the study. the author adheres to a communicative approach and pays special attention to the development of foreign language communicative competence of non-linguistic faculties students of the universities. the article presents the results of a survey of students ‒ future teachers studying at the yakovlev’s university. the content of the special course program on the use of multimedia resources for learning a foreign language is proved and it should include thematic blocks aimed at increasing motivation, solving language problems and improving skills in working with multimedia resources.
- Keywords:
- foreign language, communicative competence, future teachers, multimedia tools