• Ahsikent – A Unique Site of Fergana Valley

  Research Article

  

  Ethnic Culture No 1 (2)

  Author:

  Jasurbek Z. Akhmedov

  Work direction:

  Problems of Ethnic Cultures Preservation

  Abstract:

  The article is devoted to the issues of Ahsikent’s archaeological sites museumification. The aim of the article is to consider Ahsikent, which is the only thoroughly explored historical city of Ferghana, where as a result of archeological studies pottery in which iron and copper from Shakhristan were melted, as well as metal furnaces from artisans’ trade shops were found. Methods of study. The archaeological study of the site, which is described as "Fergana Afrosiyob", began in 1885. The results of the research. Excavations have shown that in the trade shops of Ahsikent various objects made with simplest metal and used for building and housekeeping, as well as swords and kargases that are capable to cut stones and not break when bending. The author also outlines that items found on the territory of Ahsikent indicate a high level of development of various crafts: pottery, metallurgy of bronze, contexture, jewelry, etc. The article also describes the methods of chemical conservation of sites, in particular, specific steps to restore the historical site of the The article also describes methods of chemical preservation of sites, specific steps to restore the historical site are proposed, among them: restoration of the ancient medieval appearance of Ahsikent with drawings and reliefs that depict the landscapes of Ahsikent; demonstration of the political, social and economic state of Ahsikent (writing, medical articles, coins); publication of decorative and applied art created by artisans (ceramics, glassware, jewelry), items related to military art (weapons of soldiers, arrows, bows), architectural structures (fragments of architectural decoration, foundations, stone products, ceramic pipes, wall paintings). It is concluded that it would be advisable to organize a multi-sided, deep and thorough study of the site of Ahsikent by attracting appropriate different specialists, turn Ahsikent into an open-air museum and introduce this area to international tourist destinations.

  Keywords:

  museum, architecture, Ahsikent, archeology, excavations, artefacts, ornaments, exhibits

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• Ethnic Tourism as a Factor of Sustainable Development of Russian Regions: Cultural and Educational Aspect

  Research Article

  

  Ethnic Culture No 1 (2)

  Authors:

  Valentina P. Chibilyova, Irina Y. Filimonova

  Work direction:

  Problems of Ethnic Cultures Preservation

  Abstract:

  Ethnic tourism is an important cultural and educational direction in the field of knowledge of traditions and everyday life of an ethnic group. The subject of the research is ethnic tourism. The research is aimed at solving the scientific problem of substantiating and developing modern forms of internal ethnotourism in a multicultural region. The purpose of the work is to determine the features and prospects of ethnic tourism in the sustainable development of territories. Methods: comparative and geographical, statistical methods, SWOT-analysis, field research. It was revealed that Russia, being a multi-ethnic state, has significant prerequisites for the development of ethnic tourism and contributes to the inclusion of the original culture of peoples in the world heritage. Important centers of ethnotourism in the regions of Russia are ethnographic museums, open-air museums, and ethnographic villages, the concentration of which can be observed in Western Siberia and the Ural-Volga region. One of the promising areas for the development of ethnic tourism is the Orenburg region, which has a number of competitive advantages (the presence of various forms of folk art, including the holding of popular mass national holidays; the production of exclusive goods and services that are products of folk crafts; the presence of a greater number and variety of types of cultural heritage objects). The article concludes that the development of ethnic tourism cultivates respect for the traditional culture of various peoples of Russia.

  Keywords:

  sustainable development, ethnic tourism, ethnographic museum, ethnocultural diversity, SWOT analysis

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• National Cinematograph and National Mind-Set

  Research Article

  

  Ethnic Culture No 1 (2)

  Author:

  Eduard O. Krank

  Work direction:

  Problems of Ethnic Cultures Preservation

  Abstract:

  The article is devoted to the problem of national cinematograph in the conditions of the dominance of mass cinema products at the market, especially the American film industry. Paradigms and criteria in the definition of national (ethnic) cinema are presented. The aim of the article is to confirm its working hypothesis, which is that the development of national cinematograph becomes significant only when, reproducing by filming their own narratives, imbued with national mind-set, the authors create cinematographic artifacts with their own manner, style, language, which is able to develop and enrich the film language. The descriptive and analytical methodology used in conjunction with the historical and genetic method allows us to come to certain conclusions. These findings consist in the position that such national cinematograph becomes pervasive, which is permeated by the national mind-set and at the same time responds to both ethnic and world cultural challenges, creates national narratives that due to their relevance become meta-ethnic narratives. An analysis of the existing definitions and properties of what should be understood as national cinematograph allows one to discuss the topic of what the essence of national cinema is: in the local and regional desire to establish itself as having a right to exist, or in the meta-ethnic aspect, which allows national cinema to become a direction in cinema. Thus, the necessary property of national cinematograph for its equal existence among others, the author singles out such a feature as the situation of passionarity in which the nation lives. Its mind-set creates its own national narrative, and therefore its own cinema language. The article is the part of a fundamental study on the theory of cinema, in which the main points are categories such as "film narrative", "conventionality of cinematograph" and "film language".

  Keywords:

  ethnic culture, national cinematograph, national mind-set, German film expressionism, new wave, Ingmar Bergman, dogme 95, film language, film narrative

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• Toponymic Area of the Moksha-Mordovian Blagodarovka Village of Borsky District of the Samara Region

  Research Article

  

  Ethnic Culture No 1 (2)

  Author:

  Nikolay V. Belenov

  Work direction:

  Problems of Ethnic Cultures Preservation

  Abstract:

  The article is devoted to a comprehensive study of the toponymic area of the Moksha-Mordovian Blagodarovka village of the Borsky district of the Samara region. The aim of the article is an introduction into scientific discourse and the etymological analysis of toponymic vocabulary of the Blagodarovka village and its outskirts. The methods of the article are based on the principles of toponymic researches formulated in the works of leading Russian onomasticians. The article is based on the author's experience. As a result of the researches, the main characteristics and dialect belonging of the Blagodarovsky dialect of the Moksha-Mordovian language were determined, the geographical terminology existing in it was fixed, and the toponymic vocabulary was collected and analyzed. It is concluded that Blagodarovsky dialect of the Moksha-Mordovian language, despite a relatively short period of existence in the Russian environment with separation from other Mordovian language areas, is one of the most Russified Mordovian dialects of the Samara Volga region. A number of geographical names of the toponymic area of Blagodarovka find identical or close parallels in most other Moksha-Mordovian and Erzya-Mordovian toponymic areas of the region. The natural and geographical settlement conditions of native Blagodarovsky dialect speakers of the Moksha-Mordovian language as in the case of other Mordovian dialects of the Samara Volga region had a significant impact on the composition and semantics of the geographical terminology that exists in it.

  Keywords:

  toponymy, the Mordovians, Moksha-Mordovian language, geographical terminology, Blagodarovsky dialect

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• Traditions and Innovations in the Dynamics of Ethnosocial Organism Development: Problem Statement

  Research Article

  

  Ethnic Culture No 1 (2)

  Authors:

  Kazbek I. Ashkhamakhov, Roman S. Kozlov

  Work direction:

  Problems of Ethnic Cultures Preservation

  Abstract:

  Authors of the article pay a special attention to the consideration of traditions and innovations in the dynamics of ethnosocial organism development, since the last decade, the blurring of lines of ethnocultural identity on a global scale has become more obvious. Aggressive penetration into the territory of many states by a pro-Western faceless pseudo culture led to a loss of life orientation at the genetic level and the prospects for the existence of most ethnic groups. The aim of work is to search, identify and analyze the main structure-forming principles, the main provisions of which can preserve a unique and inimitable core of ethnocultural organism in a practical application, give a vector of a further more qualitative state. Methods. Using the principles of formal logic, functionalism, and a systematic approach, it was possible to determine the stages of the origin, transformation, and structural integration of cultural innovations in the ethnic environment. Characteristics of each stage from the side of a positive direction as well as a negative one, leading to the degeneration and decay of the ethnocultural system, is presented. As a result of the study, methodological approaches to preserving ethnic cultures, based on traditional ties in relations within the people were identified. These principles are, in authors’ opinion, invariable mechanisms of the dynamic, progressive development of any ethnic group, if the ethnocultural identity of all mankind is perceived as a conscious, creative way for the development and preservation of an ethnos.

  Keywords:

  culture, traditions, ethnos, selection, modification, structural integration

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• Ethno-Cultural Education in the Republic of Buryatia: Problems and Prospects of Solution

  Research Article

  

  Ethnic Culture No 1 (2)

  Author:

  Svetlana A. Kharitonova

  Work direction:

  History, Theory and Practice of Ethno-cultural Education

  Abstract:

  The article is devoted to the consireation of problems arising in the implementation of ethno-cultural education. The purpose of article is to consider the main problems of modern ethno-cultural education in the Republic of Buryatia and suggest ways to solve them. The methods of the article are based on a theoretical analysis of research on this issue and monitoring data on ethno-cultural education in the Republic of Buryatia. As a result of this work, the main existing problems of ethno-cultural education in Buryatia are highlighted. It is concluded that modern ethno-cultural education should be aimed at the formation of multi-ethnic cultural competence of the individual and be implemented at all levels of education. State authorities, public and interested organizations whose activities are aimed at the development of multi-ethnic culture of modern youth should be involved in solving the problems that arise in the implementation of ethno-cultural education.

  Keywords:

  ethno-cultural education, multi-ethnic culture, problems of ethno-cultural education, multi-ethnic cultural competence

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• Multicultural Education From the Position of a Dialogue Approach

  Research Article

  

  Ethnic Culture No 1 (2)

  Authors:

  Karine Y. Breshkovskaya, Nina S. Ezhkova

  Work direction:

  History, Theory and Practice of Ethno-cultural Education

  Abstract:

  The article presents a scientific analysis of the problem of multicultural education. The dialogue approach as a methodological component of modern multicultural education, based on the position of the dialogue of cultures and cultural pluralism is characterized in the article. The concept of "dialogue" is characterized as the basis for interaction, support for the subjective position of the individual, its spiritual development in the educational process, and a way to unite different cultures. Cultural identity is highlighted as a favorable factor for introducing children to the world of culture and assimilating the values of other cultures; the relationship between cultural identity and cultural diversity is revealed, as well as the possibility of using such unity in building technologies of modern multicultural education. The methodological aspects of multicultural education of preschoolers: the process of developing values in preschoolers is creation of a multicultural educational environment. The author identifies the levels of development of value concepts in preschoolers: cognitive, evaluative, and activity. The author gives a meaningful description of pedagogical work with children at each selected level, describes the leading positions that should be used in the development of children's ideas about people of other nationalities. Methods. During the study, the authors carried out a theoretical analysis of the literature on the problem. It is concluded that in the process of implementing the principle of dialogics in multicultural education, children are prepared to understand another culture, to recognize the surrounding diversity.

  Keywords:

  multicultural education, multicultural educational environment, dialogue, dialogue approach, multicultural education of preschoolers

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• A System of Ethnojournalism Assignments for Students of “Folk Art Culture” Curriculum

  Research Article

  

  Ethnic Culture No 1 (2)

  Author:

  Viktoriya Y. Prokofeva

  Work direction:

  History, Theory and Practice of Ethno-cultural Education

  Abstract:

  The “Journalism in the Ethnocultural Sphere” discipline belongs in the basic part of “Folk Art Culture” higher educational field of study curriculum, which is in the process of theoretical development and search for methodological approaches to its teaching. The article represents a development of practical assignments in this discipline. Methods. Based on the author’s own pedagogical experience in the field of teaching ethno-journalism to students of this curriculum in FSBEI of HE “Saint Petersburg State University of Film and Television”, a system of practical exercises aimed at development of general cultural and professional competencies has been developed. The assignments are divided into five topics; the students are expected to work in the field of both ethnocultural studies and journalism. For each practical lesson there are two types of assignments: analytical, which are based on a theoretical understanding of ethnocultural material (discussion questions), as well as work with mass media data, and creative tasks, which include creating journalistic texts of different genres on ethnocultural topics. It can be concluded, that the results of preparatory and classroom work with the proposed tasks suggest a successful completion of the discipline by future specialists in the field of folk art culture, as well as demonstrate their interest in ethnocultural knowledge and ethnojournalistic activity.

  Keywords:

  higher education, ethnojournalism, Journalism in the ethnocultural Sphere academic discipline, assignments for practical exercises, folk art culture as field of study

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• Revival of Folk Crafts as a Factor of Students’ Ethno-Cultural Competencies Formation in the System of Additional Education

  Research Article

  

  Ethnic Culture No 1 (2)

  Author:

  Julia V. Borovitskaya

  Work direction:

  History, Theory and Practice of Ethno-cultural Education

  Abstract:

  The article highlights the theoretical, methodological and practical aspects of students’ ethno-cultural competencies formation in the system of institutions of additional education in study clubs, trade shops as well as during creative master classes. The purpose of the study is to define the relevance and significance of folk crafts revival as a factor of students’ ethno-cultural competencies formation. The main works of Russian authors in the field of research of folk and art crafts are presented. Methods. A comparative analysis of the historical situation that reflects the content and importance of folk crafts, as well as its current state is presented. During the study the following methods were applied: analysis of Russian literature, legal acts, conversation with students and teachers, content-analysis of creative activity outcomes. The study was carried out on the basis of the institutions for additional education and culture of the Svetloyarsky District in Volgograd Region, among masters of decorative and applied art of Volgograd and members of the club of masters "Remaliya". The role of masters of decorative and applied arts in the system of additional education, as well as the main types of presentation of folk crafts products is described. The experience of interaction between universities, schools and institutions of additional education with masters of decorative and applied art, areas of joint activity of various age groups is outlined. Moreover, the article reveals the main directions in which the revival of folk crafts and traditions in the modern system of culture and education (study clubs, studios, trade shops) is implemented. At the same time, the author analyzes the main points of folk crafts revival regulation, including legislative ones. Research result. The article highlights the importance of forming ethno-cultural competencies in students in the context of working with their parents as carriers of traditions and customs. It is concluded that students’ ethno-cultural competencies formation in the context of the revival of folk crafts is a complex multi-component and step-by-step process, into which many subjects are involved.

  Keywords:

  educational process, competence, success, traditions, customs

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• Sociocultural and Anthropoecological Distinctive Features of Pedagogical Discourse

  Research Article

  

  Ethnic Culture No 1 (2)

  Author:

  Maksim V. Kochetkov

  Work direction:

  History, Theory and Practice of Ethno-cultural Education

  Abstract:

  The relevance of the study is due to the complexity of socio-cultural reality due to the aggravation of the contradiction between globalization and national-oriented processes, the increasing struggle of cultures, economies and ideologies, and the acceleration of scientific and technological progress. The purpose of the article is to consider sociocultural and anthropoecological distinctive features of pedagogical discourse. The author points out that anthropo-innovations, such as genetic engineering, cyborgization, cloning, integration with artificial intelligence, pharmaceutical advances, and GMO products threaten the existence of a person in his or her mental and physical integrity. The restriction of anthropological innovations is due to spiritual revival, reliance on traditional cultures, as well as the best cultural and pedagogical national experience, and is determined by the understanding of the soul as an integrating component of a person. In the Humanities, the description of an increasingly complex socio-cultural reality is closely related to its description in the context of various discursive plans. This approach is also promising for pedagogy. At the same time, modern trends in the development of the discursive approach “blur” the boundaries of pedagogical knowledge. The article presents a highly specialized definition of pedagogical discourse. During the study the following methods were applied: analysis of legal documents and scientific and methodical literature. It is proved that the pedagogical category “zone of proximal development” in its socio-cultural and anthropo-ecological contexts favors understanding of the distinctive features of educational and pedagogical discourse. It is concluded that orientation to the zone of proximal development of the individual contributes to the consistency of the socio-cultural experience, including nationally oriented components, transmitted by the teacher, with the life experience of the student, favors his or her emotional involvement in the educational process.

  Keywords:

  communicative competence, pedagogical system, pedagogical process, discourse, zone of proximal development, nationally oriented education, transhumanism, Constitution of the Russian Federation

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• Formation of Multicultural Competence of the Teacher of Native (Tatar) Language in the Context of Advanced Training Program Implementation

  Research Article

  

  Ethnic Culture No 1 (2)

  Author:

  Rezida N. Safina

  Work direction:

  History, Theory and Practice of Ethno-cultural Education

  Abstract:

  The ways and means of implementing the contents of an additional professional educational advanced training program consisting of classroom and extracurricular activities aimed at incorporating the mastered experience into the practice of trainees (listeners) to solve specific problems of professional activity are considered. Based on the analysis of legal documents and scientific and methodical literature, the purpose, objectives and content of the formation of professional competences of teachers of the native (Tatar) language within the additional advanced training program implementation and post-course period have been determined. The purpose of the study is to reveal the possibilities of additional professional educational advanced training program aimed at improving the multicultural competence of the teacher of native (Tatar) language “Formation of multicultural competences of the teacher of teacher of native (Tatar) language”. The author outlines that the aim of the additional professional educational program is to improve the professional competence of teachers of the native (Tatar) language, oriented and ready to work in a multicultural educational environment at the entry stage of Russian school in international competition. Methods. During the implementation of the program the following methods were applied: reflexive analysis, modeling, case-study, project method, etc. It is concluded that professional competences formed during the implementation of the additional professional educational advanced training program are designed to implement the tasks of multicultural education in practical activities of teachers of the native (Tatar) language.

  Keywords:

  professional competence, education, multicultural educational environment, learning, multicultural competence, teacher of native (Tatar) language, advanced training program, tolerant person

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