• The Sacred Nature of White Stone in the Temple Construction of Andrey Bogolyubsky

  Research Article

  

  Ethnic Culture Volume 3 No 3

  Author:

  Alexandr I. Skvortsov

  Work direction:

  Ethnography, Ethnology and Anthropology

  Abstract:

  The article deals with the issues of the sudden appearance of white-stone construction in the middle of the XII century in the North-East of Russia, in the Vladimir Principality, which are practically not affected by science. The purpose of the study is to identify the most likely sources that influenced the process of origin and formation of the unique style of Vladimir-Suzdal architecture during the reign of Andrei Bogolyubsky (1157–1177). The research methods were reduced not only to the analysis of the Old Testament texts, with which the Great Vladimir Prince was well acquainted and admired their heroes during the construction of his white-stone churches, but also to the identification of the peculiarity of the current situation, individual facts of the prince's activity and the nature of his character, which became an active incentive to the introduction of white stone instead of bricks, which took a sacred character for Andrey Bogolyubsky. The result of the study is as follows: first, the symbolism of the white color, drawn from the biblical testaments of the consubstantial God, became the leitmotif for the architectural creations of the Vladimir prince; second, the perceived Old Testament building traditions stimulated the growth of original forms of Vladimir-Suzdal white stone architecture, which have no close analogies in the entire area of neighboring countries. In the light of the current inclusion of white stone buildings in the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage, the aspect of their study not only brings scientific novelty to the already established interpretation, but also entails a rethinking of the practical orientation of restoration and restoration work on them.

  Keywords:

  white stone construction, Andrey Bogolyubsky, Old Testament origins, nature of origin

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• The Development of Modern Art in Mongolia: On the Example of Mongolian Modern Painting of the Late Twentieth and Early Twenty-First Centuries

  Research Article

  

  Ethnic Culture Volume 3 No 3

  Author:

  Selenge Tumur-ochir

  Work direction:

  Ethnography, Ethnology and Anthropology

  Abstract:

  Modern art in Mongolia has been developing since the last century. The art appeared as a result of artists’ ideas, expression of national mentality and other factors. As some researches said: “Mite of the abstract paintings were established in Hun states, because when this times, all of the people to the paint-ed effect of their mind on the rock of cave” on their tractate book. That says that the abstract paintings was established at that time, but according to other sources it was developed in 1960. For example, in 1968 Mongolian young painters orga-nized an exhibition named: the first exhibition of young painters. Then, in 1980 modern and contemporary arts started developing. The purpose of the study is to analyze the development and classification of modern art in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, which are kept in art galleries. The study was con-ducted in the following steps: to study modern Mongolian art and to identify cur-rent trends in its evolution. The study classified 2,333 paintings. Consequently the next conclusions were drawn: abstractionism, post-impressionism, and im-pressionism were more developed in modern paintings created in 1990–2000. Modern paintings created in 2000–2009, on the other hand, were more developed in abstraction, fauvism, surrealism, and symbolism. This shows that modern Mongolian artists prefer abstract and symbolic paintings. Before 1990, there was a lot of realism, but since 1990, modernism has developed a lot and has become a major trend.

  Keywords:

  development, classification, modern Mongolian paintings, analyze

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• About the Celebrities of the First Decades of the XX-th Century Carrying Uncharacteristic for the Turkmens of the Surname with Indicators -sky and -skaja: the Mamed-Khan Tekinsky

  Research Article

  

  Ethnic Culture Volume 3 No 3

  Author:

  Myratgeldi Soyegov

  Work direction:

  Ethnography, Ethnology and Anthropology

  Abstract:

  The article covers the questions connected with life and activity of a certain circle of known people, many of which were born in Turkmenistan, at will of destiny at children's age were brought up out of the primary native land. The Mamed-khan Tekinsky (1880?–1938) was one of those which description of destiny became the primary goal for the author of given article. Basiing on the historical and biographical method, the main milestones in the life and work of celebrities of the first decades of the twentieth century, who bore surnames uncharacteristic for the Turkmen, were identified, in particular, Mamed Khan Tekinsky. During the study it was revealed that information about him can be found in the state archive of the Odessa region of Ukraine, many materials can be found in the works of Azerbaijani scientists, at the same time, his fate after April 1920 is unknown. The conclusions emphasize the need to continue the study of the biography of Mamed Khan Tekinsky, namely his Turkmen period, in order to fully present the biography and biography of Mamed Khan Tekinsky – a lawyer, statesman, an outstanding diplomat of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic – the first state of the Turkic peoples of the European type.

  Keywords:

  battle for Geok-Tepe, Mamed-khan Tekinsky, Turkmen surnames

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• Persons in Linguistics of the Ural-Volga Region: Halil Açıköz

  Research Article

  

  Ethnic Culture Volume 3 No 3

  Author:

  Feride I. Tagirova

  Work direction:

  Languages of the Nations of the World

  Abstract:

  The work is devoted to the description of the life of the Turkish linguist H. Çıkgöz. For the first time in the history of Turkish science his scientific interests were directed to the Finno-Ugric peoples of the Ural-Volga region of Russia – the Mari and Udmurts. Methods. The work is written in the genre of an essay, many episodes of which are due to the author’s memories of the scientist. Results. The presented material can be used in the compilation of bio-bibliographic indexes and databases in the field of the study of the Turkic and Finno-Ugric languages of the Ural-Volga region. Discussion. As a scientist H. Açıkgöz had a wide range of scientific interests and systemic knowledge in various fields: in the field of modern linguistics and written monuments, medieval classical poetry and art in general. In Turkey he was a lecturer at Istanbul University, known as a philologist in his true sense. In Tatarstan he was known as a Türkologist, but few had any idea of the true scope of his scientific interests. In Mari El and Udmurtia they did not have time to recognize him, with the exception of a narrow circle of scientists. This work is useful in that it sheds light on his activities in the field of Finno-Ugric studies, which still remain in the shadows. A wide circle of scholars, both in Russia and abroad, still do not know that H. Açıkgöz was engaged in theoretical and practical study of the Finno-Ugric languages, compilation of the Mari-Turkish dictionary and translation of the dictionary of Tatar and Bashkir borrowings in the Mari language of N.I. Isanbaev.

  Keywords:

  Mari language, Turkic studies, Finno-Ugric studies, Udmurt language, lexicography

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• Visitors' View on the Dialect of Cheboksary – 2

  Research Article

  

  Ethnic Culture Volume 3 No 3

  Authors:

  Tamara N. Erina, Eduard V. Fomin

  Work direction:

  Languages of the Nations of the World

  Abstract:

  The research continues the cycle of the group of authors devoted to the problem of regional variation of the Russian literary language. The paper analyzes the observations of newcomers over the speech of Cheboksary residents. This technique is new in the linguocheboksaryka and, in theory, should help in replenishing the markers of the Cheboksary region with elements that are familiar to the permanent residents of the city, but from the point of view of the Russian literary language are specific uses. As a result of the study, the authors come to the following conclusions: from the point of view of orthology, the speech of Cheboksary residents is distinguished by stable peculiar features, which, however, are already recognized by the inhabitants of the city as such; in the aspect of research methods, the method of talking with visitors can work fully at the beginning of research, at an advanced stage of developing the problem, its effectiveness decreases, but this conclusion does not become a condition for abandoning the method, but requires an increase in the number of respondents and complication of the conversation. The work also presents excerpts from conversations that made Cheboksary residents think about the quality parameters of their speech and the speech of townspeople in general. The study seems to be important for understanding the Cheboksary regioelct of the region as a phenomenon of the Russian language.

  Keywords:

  Chuvash language, Russian language, language contacts, Cheboksary regiolect of the Russian language

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• Lexical and Semantic Parallels of Yakut and Telengit Folklore Prose

  Research Article

  

  Ethnic Culture Volume 3 No 3

  Authors:

  Marina T. Gogoleva, Lyudmila S. Tutukarova

  Work direction:

  Languages of the Nations of the World

  Abstract:

  Interest in the research topic arose as a result of studying the texts of folklore prose of the Yakuts and Telengits. Used method, i.e. reliance on scientific works, collection of facts, comparative analysis of lexical-semantic parallels led to interesting results. The identified samples from the folklore of peoples separated by a huge distance and an independent history of development indicate the presence of common roots. Legends reflect the peculiarities of the ideological ideas of ethnic groups, spiritual and moral values, religious views; at the same time, commonality is found not only in the lexico-semantic plan, but also in the compositional structure of the presentation of the material and the syntax of texts. The changes are quite insignificant, for example, in the Yakut version of the legend «Dispute» the image of a large animal is transformed in accordance with the realities of the Arctic nature, for example, a camel turns into an elk. The thematic approach to the consideration of examples allows us to come to the conclusion that most of the coincidences fall on the texts of religious and everyday content. Some examples from onomastics also speak of ancient linguistic contacts or testify to migration processes among the Turkic-speaking ethnic groups, which have not yet received proper coverage in historical science. In the conclusion of the article, it is said about the need to attract more extensive material to the comparative historical study of the phenomenon. Based on the comprehension of the collected material, an assumption is made about the stability of individual lexemes and lexical-semantic constructions in the translation of the traditional beliefs of the people.

  Keywords:

  folklore, translation, parallels, lexical units, Yakut, Telengin, traditional beliefs, correspondences, stability

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• Ethnocultural Component of Content of Education in Intercultural Context

  Research Article

  

  Ethnic Culture Volume 3 No 3

  Author:

  Tatyana N. Nikolaeva

  Work direction:

  Ethno-Cultural Problems of Education

  Abstract:

  The work is devoted to the problem of co-learning of languages ​​and cultures in a multiethnic region. Introduction. Addressing the problem of ethnocultural education in the context of the ongoing changes in the life of society is due to reasons that require timely response and adjustments to the process of education and upbringing, especially among young people. The purpose of the study is to generalize the theoretical and practical approaches to teaching a foreign (German) language, taking into account local ethnographic material. Methods. The work represents the author's reflections on the problems of ethnocultural education. Research results. To solve the problem of filling the content of ethno-oriented education based on knowledge of the elements of everyday culture, traditional culture, linguistic picture of the world, it is necessary to include in the process of teaching a foreign language topics, issues related to the sphere of everyday life of northerners, their living conditions, family relations, rules of behavior, traditions, rituals. Conclusions. Currently, educational institutions are changing the approach to teaching foreign languages ​​towards the development of communicative and intercultural competence of students, which involves the co-learning of languages ​​and cultures of both the country of the target language and the native land. This can be facilitated by a balanced selection of the content of the «Foreign language» subject at the expense of the ethnocultural component as a reserve that forms intercultural competence for socialization in the world space.

  Keywords:

  intercultural competence, multicultural environment, ethnocultural component, ethno-oriented learning, training of teaching staff, co-study of language and culture

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• On the Problem of Ethno-National Education of Artschool

  Research Article

  

  Ethnic Culture Volume 3 No 3

  Author:

  Marina P. Kamaeva

  Work direction:

  Ethno-Cultural Problems of Education

  Abstract:

  Summary. The article is devoted to the study of the relevant issue in today’s world – the study of theoretical premises of modern concepts of ethno-national education. It examines the problems of educating the culture of interethnic relations in the youth environment. The relevance of the study is due to the need for the formation of attitudes towards interethnic tolerance among students, which determines the goal of the educational activities of each educational institution. The purpose of the article is to consider the theoretical foundations of ethno-national education and the possibilities of their practical application in educational work with students of a higher educational institution. The work was carried out at the empirical level of the structure of sociological knowledge. Methods of observation, questioning, interviewing and generalization of pedagogical experience allowed the author to determine the direction of work in the field of ethnic education of students. Based on the research carried out, the author draws conclusions about the quality of work in the field of ethno-national education of students at the university and offers recommendations for its improvement. The study showed predominantly supra-ethnic self-awareness of young people. Another unusual result of the study is a small percentage of students who speak their native (non-Russian) language – only 20 percent of the respondents. It is proposed that the parameters set require the pursuance of bigger researches on a nationwide scale.

  Keywords:

  educational process, ethno-national education, ethnocultural pedagogy, multi-ethnic space

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• The Flight of a Man in the Work of Efim Chestnyakov as an Ethnocultural Project: Technical and Moral Foundations

  Research Article

  

  Ethnic Culture Volume 3 No 3

  Author:

  Elena A. Samodelova

  Work direction:

  Personalia: Artist and Ethnicity

  Abstract:

  Representative of the Silver Age Efim Chestnyakov approached writing and illustrating literary works from the standpoint of an artist and a school teacher. He was also doing painting, clay modeling, hand-made puppet theatre with the participation of children and photography. The topic of creating an aircraft runs through his many-sided work. The relevance of the problem under study shows that Chestnyakov composed entire works and individual stories about the «flying man». For the first time, the question is raised about the influence of various publications of the early XXth century on the literary work of the writer. Methods of historical and philological research and «real commenting» are applied to the material of Chestnyakov’s literary works, based on a comparison of the author's plots and images with folklore works and data on technical innovations of his time. The results of the study and their discussion show that Chestnyakov deeply studied the innovative achievements of his time and reflected them in a creatively transformed form in a well-structured own system of different types and genres of art. Also he was worried about the moral aspects of aircraft construction and the issues of the influence of human flights over long distances on the established life of a traditional society for centuries. Conclusions are made that the first manned flights on the designed aircraft and the means of their detection attracted the attention of Chestnyakov and were widely reflected in his work.

  Keywords:

  Silver Age, human flight in literature, flying ship, plot about Stafiy, literature by Efim Chestnyakov

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• Review: Abuseitova M.Kh. (2020). Kazakh Khanate, 344

  Review

  

  Ethnic Culture Volume 3 No 3

  Author:

  Gulnar K. Mukanova

  Work direction:

  Reviews and Peer-Reviews

  Abstract:

  Abstract

  Keywords:

  keywords

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• Previously Unknown Reviews of the "Thesaurus of the Chuvash Language" by N.I. Ashmarin

  Review Article

  

  Ethnic Culture Volume 3 No 3

  Author:

  Irina P. Semenova

  Work direction:

  Reviews and Peer-Reviews

  Abstract:

  The article provides an overview of reviews of the «Dictionary of the Chuvash language» by N.I. Ashmarin, published in foreign scientific journals. The thesaurus became available to a wide circle of Western linguists after its release in 1968 in the form of a photolithographic edition with a foreword by G. Durfer at the Indiana University in the USA. The research material was reviewed by J. Benzing, G. Dörfer, B. Scherner, M.J. Dresden, K.G. Menges and W. Brands. Many of these documents are kept in the scientific archive of the Chuvash State Institute of the Humanities. The work is written in a scientific vein. The purpose of this work is to introduce into the scientific use of Russian Chuvash studies reviews of N.I. Ashmarin. The thesaurus of the Chuvash language of the outstanding scientist received positive reviews from many foreign colleagues with a worldwide reputation. This work for them became the best source of information about the Chuvash language. For the development of Ashmarin studies, it is important to publish documents, including reviews, one way or another related to the scientist. In this regard, reviews are important documents that contribute to an objective assessment of the results of the scientific activity of the researcher.

  Keywords:

  Chuvash language, lexicography, Ashmarin studies, review

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