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List of publications on a keyword: «Russian»

  • Innovative resources of civic-patriotic education in a preschool educational organization: museum and pedagogical aspect

    Proceeding
    University as a factor of Modernization of Russia: History and Prospects (to the 55th anniversary of the I.N. Ulyanov ChSU)
    Authors:
    Dmitrii V. Polezhaev, Elena N. Sergeeva
    Work direction:
    Роль архивов, музеев и библиотек в формировании представлений о Великой Отечественной войне
    Abstract:
    The article outlines promising directions for civic-patriotic education of preschoolers during the implementation of a program of innovative activities of a preschool educational organization through museum pedagogy and museological work.
    Keywords:
    preschool education, patriotic education, museum pedagogy, all-Russian civic identity, pedagogical innovations
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  • The Russian Orthodox Church during the Great Patriotic War: a review of modern historiography

    Proceeding
    University as a factor of Modernization of Russia: History and Prospects (to the 55th anniversary of the I.N. Ulyanov ChSU)
    Author:
    Anzhelika N. Evdokimova
    Work direction:
    Проблемы отражения событий войны в исторической памяти и мемориальной культуре
    Abstract:
    The achievements of modern domestic historiography in the field of relations between the Soviet state and the Russian Orthodox Church during the Great Patriotic War are considered. Among the problems that have been most reflected in regional historiography in recent years are the participation of clergy in charity and the Pskov spiritual mission, the activities of commissioners for the affairs of the Russian Orthodox Church, the transfer of dioceses under the jurisdiction of the Moscow Patriarchate.
    Keywords:
    Russian Orthodox Church, atheism, regional historiography, famine in the Volga region
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  • Syntactic analysis in Russian: methods and applications

    Proceeding
    Education, innovation, research as a resource for community development
    Author:
    Daria I. Kaverina
    Work direction:
    Филология в системе образования
    Abstract:
    This article provides an overview of the methods of syntactic analysis in the Russian language and their application. The main approaches to syntactic analysis, including morphological analysis, grammatical analysis, as well as their relationship with other linguistic aspects, are considered. Special attention is paid to the application of syntactic analysis in various fields such as computational linguistics, machine translation, natural language processing and linguistic research.
    Keywords:
    application, Russian language, methods, syntactic analysis, morphological analysis, grammatical analysis, computational linguistics, machine translation
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  • The question of the syntactic status of substantives in Russian identity sentences

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 6 No 1
    Author:
    Natalia V. Knyazeva
    Work direction:
    World languages and literature
    Abstract:
    A multi aspect study of bisubstantive sentences of characterizing semantics is necessary to solve complex problems of syntactic analysis. The grammatical specificity of bisubstantial sentences lies in the morphological identity of the predicative minimum. The study has theoretical and practical tasks: identify the structural, semantic and communicative organization of sentences, propose methodological recommendations for syntactic analysis of sentences. The material of the study is modern literature. Analytical and descriptive methods are used to analyze the linguistic material. The problems of teaching syntactic analysis of sentences are identified through experimental methods. The main conclusions of the study: syntactic analysis of bisubstantial sentences should consist of traditional structural and semantic parameters, roles and functions in the semantic structure and communicative organization of a sentence, take into account context, stylistic and pragmatic factors. Syntactic phenomena should be studied from the functional position at all stages and levels of teaching syntax of the modern Russian language.
    Keywords:
    subject, semantic structure, syntax, methodology of teaching Russian language, identity sentences, bisubstantive sentence, communicative organization of a sentence, sentence syntax analysis, substantive, predicate
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  • Professionally oriented intercultural communication of Chinese students in Russian

    Review Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 6 No 1
    Authors:
    Shanzhi Zhang, Ludmila P. Muhammad, Victoria R. Potemkina
    Work direction:
    Ethno-Cultural Problems of Education
    Abstract:
    The article is devoted to the study of the ethnocultural component of the educational process of Chinese philology students. The purpose of the study is to build a professionally oriented model for preparing foreign students for intercultural communication in Russian. The research material consisted of video and audio recordings of educational work in Russian in the conditions of Russian preparatory faculties. Research methods – analysis of theoretical models presented in modern literature on teaching the Russian language in Chinese audiences; generalization of one’s own practical experience; modeling the educational process with the inclusion of an ethnocultural component in the model. As a result of the study, the authors come to the following conclusions: as an optimal methodological basis, one should choose a variable model of personal-activity learning, based on anthropological, communicative and cognitive principles in a complex, which will allow to include in training, on the one hand, ethnocultural component, on the other hand, will not disrupt the processes of comprehensive learning and the formation of a linguistic personality as an integral phenomenon. As an integrative component, the model presents a metatext that is relevant for Chinese philology students, based on the standardized intention «General characteristics of an object». As a result, students, relying on ethnocultural potential and the ability to build communication in Russian, by the end of the first semester master the A2+ level and are ready to work in the second semester to study special philological disciplines directly in Russian.
    Keywords:
    intercultural communication, language personality, Russian as a foreign language, Chinese students, the ethnocultural component, professionalization of the educational process
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  • Psychological training program to support student technological entrepreneurship: “psycho-correctional targets” and the basics of construction

    Proceeding
    Technopark of universal pedagogical competencies
    Authors:
    Anna N. Zakharova, Aniuta N. Erlygina, Denis V. Gartfelder
    Work direction:
    Развитие психолого-педагогического сопровождения в современном образовании
    Abstract:
    The psychological training program for supporting student technological entrepreneurship in the Russian educational environment of an educational institution of higher education is discussed in the article. Ways to develop entrepreneurial activity are proposed, based on the “psychocorrectional targets” identified by the authors and the psychological problems of beginning entrepreneurs.
    Keywords:
    university students, student technological entrepreneurship, psychological training program, psychocorrectional targets, Russian educational environment
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  • Prospects of development and competitiveness of Russian higher education

    Book Chapter
    Modern educational technologies: psychology and pedagogy
    Authors:
    Olga A. Astafurova, Irina I. Kulagina
    Work direction:
    Глава 1
    Abstract:
    The chapter provides an overview of the positions of Russian universities in global rankings. The RAEX national rating and the authoritative QS international rating are considered in the most detail, which perfectly illustrate the country's global competitiveness in the field of education. The analysis of the main key indicators of international university rankings is given. The main problems and trends in the development of competitiveness of Russian higher education are considered. The specific factors and events that have the greatest impact on the competitiveness of Russian higher education are highlighted. Various aspects of the development of higher education in the Russian Federation are also analyzed. The improvement of the competitiveness of domestic education is noted.
    Keywords:
    higher education, competitiveness of Russian education, global rankings, university rankings, indicators of international rankings
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  • A Large City as a Precursor to the Development of Alternative School Education

    Research Article
    Development of education Volume 6 No 4
    Authors:
    Elena Y. Petryaeva, Anna G. Istomina
    Work direction:
    Pedagogy and Modern Education
    Abstract:
    A large city 'gives birth' to groups of carriers of certain ideas, values, and attitudes, who seek each other out. Parents choose schools that appear closer to their own values, where the methods of transmitting these values and the forms of classes seem more preferable and coherent. Schools 'attract' those parents whose basic life attitudes align and correlate with the school's mission, values, and strategy. The study aimed to identify factors influencing the development of alternative education in large cities. To achieve this, information was collected and analyzed on 667 private alternative educational projects in the five largest cities of Russia (Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Kazan). In each city, five leaders of private alternative educational projects were identified and interviewed in-depth. Interviews and focus groups were also conducted with experts in alternative education. The study revealed that the concentration of maximum professional, infrastructural, economic, cultural, religious, political-ideological, and social diversity in large cities is a precondition for the development of alternative school education. Stimulating factors for the development of alternative education in large cities include overcrowded schools and the quality of education not meeting parents' expectations. The factor of parents plays a significant role: their age, involvement in their children's education, high level of information, etc. The lifestyle of city dwellers is a formative factor. Here, two strategies can be identified: the 'all inclusive' strategy and the strategy of education connoisseurs. At the same time, in a large city, there are also limiting factors for the development of alternative education: a complex transport system and logistical component, expensive rent and/or cost of buildings.
    Keywords:
    alternative education, homeschooling, informal education, free education, Russian classical school, democratic education, Montessori education, Waldorf education, developmental education, Reggio emilia approach
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  • Sistemnye problemy obrazovaniia v Rossii i napravleniia ikh resheniia

    Book Chapter
    Psychological and Pedagogical in High School
    Author:
    Vladimir A. Spivak
    Work direction:
    Глава 1
    Abstract:
    Based on the application of the methodology of the system approach, the chapter identifies such problems of the education sphere as insufficient quality of goal-setting, finding consensus among stakeholders, perception of participants of relations in education and other subjects of influence on its development as systemic phenomena, the need to specify models (portraits) of graduates as the ultimate goals of life activity of the education system, measuring their qualities and others.
    Keywords:
    system approach, problems of the Russian education system, ways of solving problems
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  • Novaia model' vysshego obrazovaniia v Rossii: problemy i perspektivy ee vnedreniia

    Book Chapter
    Psychological and Pedagogical in High School
    Author:
    Aleksandr A. Kiselev
    Work direction:
    Глава 2
    Abstract:
    More than 20 years the two-level system of higher education within the framework of Bologna system has been developing in the Russian Federation. However, it proved to be untenable for the Russian Federation, as it significantly reduced the quality of training of university students as professionals demanded by domestic organisations. Under the conditions of economic sanctions against Russia by the USA and a number of countries, it became necessary to implement the import substitution strategy. But its implementation required the development of industry, opening of new enterprises and production facilities, which, in turn, required professionals capable of doing this. As a consequence, it was necessary to change the system of training the necessary specialists in domestic universities. The study of the identified problems was carried out taking into account the practical experience of the author, using the method of included observation and discussion of the identified problems at various conferences, as well as the study of various studies on this issue.
    Keywords:
    higher education, employers, Bachelor, Specialist, Master, quality of specialist training in higher education institutions, new model of student training in Russian higher education institutions, Bologna system of education "Bachelor – Master"
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  • The Universal Intention of Enlightenment in Russian spiritual culture

    Proceeding
    Pedagogy, Psychology, Society
    Author:
    Aleksandr D. Pokhilko
    Work direction:
    Социальные процессы и образование
    Abstract:
    Based on the sociocultural method, the essence of teaching in its correlation with apprenticeship was revealed; the prerequisites for the intention of enlightenment in Russian history are clarified. The poet is considered as a kind of Teacher of the people. The poet teaches to be a person and individuality. As a result of the study, it is concluded that the intention of enlightenment expresses the traditional nature of society and, at the same time, the desire of Russian society for rationalization and modernization based on the formation of a personal principle.
    Keywords:
    personality, enlightenment, teaching, the subject of teaching, forms of teaching, Russian spiritual culture, poet
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  • The Third All-Russian Congress of Military-Industrial Committees in 1917

    Book Chapter
    Economics and Law: problems, strategy, monitoring
    Author:
    Svetlana E. Rudneva
    Work direction:
    Глава 10
    Abstract:
    The chapter examines the history of the Third All-Russian Congress of Military-Industrial Committees in May 1917, in the conditions of the ongoing World War I, in a difficult period after the February Revolution of 1917 in Russia. It was in industry that, in the circumstances of wartime, all the organizing threads that ensured the integrity of the national organism and resistance to various destructive phenomena were concentrated. To maintain the normal course of production, assistance was required from all the organized forces of the country that were close to this case. First of all, this was to be expected from the military-industrial organization, which formed a coherent wide network of institutions – local and regional committees, headed by the central one. The research uses the methods of scientific search: concrete historical, problem-chronological, systematization and comparative analysis of the material. It is shown that the III All-Russian Congress of Representatives of the Military-Industrial committees, who for two years were at the head of the military industry, certainly could not pass by the disturbing issues of the moment that required immediate resolution.
    Keywords:
    industry, military-industrial committees, the First World War, the February Revolution of 1917 in Russia, the III All-Russian Congress of Representatives of Military-Industrial committees, Guchkov A.I., Konovalov A.I
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  • Sovershenstvovanie deiatel'nosti organov gosudarstvennoi vlasti po protivodeistviiu terrorizmu sredi naseleniia v Primorskom krae

    Book Chapter
    Economics and Law: problems, strategy, monitoring
    Author:
    Aleksandr S. Shpak
    Work direction:
    Глава 15
    Abstract:
    The purpose of the study was to identify the problematic area of activity of state authorities to counter terrorism among the population in the Primorsky Territory. As a result of the study, it was found that the ongoing preventive measures to counter terrorism among the population of the region are not able to reduce the number of registered crimes of a terrorist nature. Based on the results obtained, it is recommended that the state program of Primorsky Krai «Safe Land» include measures related to monitoring the situation, identifying and eliminating factors that contribute to the emergence and spread of the ideology of terrorism.
    Keywords:
    regional security, prevention of terrorism, counteraction to terrorism, regional level, state programs of subjects of the Russian Federation, counteraction to terrorism among the population
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  • DYNAMICS OF THE RUSSIAN TOURISM SECTOR UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION

    Proceeding
    Law, Economics and Management
    Authors:
    Elena A. Panfilova, Anna V. Kazakova
    Work direction:
    Менеджмент и маркетинг
    Abstract:
    Abstract: The article deals with the dynamics of the Russian tourist services sector in view of the sanctions pressure, the dynamics of tourist flows in the Russian tourist services market is revealed, the features of the impact of digital transformation on consumer behavior are highlighted, which allows to clarify the specifics of the recovery growth of the Russian hospitality and tourism industry at the present stage.
    Keywords:
    digitalization of tourist services, Key words: Russian tourism sector, dynamics of tourist flows by federal districts
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  • Seasons in the Russian-language writing of the Udmurt poet V. Ar-Sergi

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 5 No 2
    Author:
    Evgeniia V. Panteleeva
    Work direction:
    World languages and literature
    Abstract:
    The article is devoted to the study of the semantics of the seasons in the Russian-language poetry of the Udmurt poet and prose writer V. Ar-Sergi. The relevance of this work is caused by the fact that today artistic texts of national authors require a holistic conceptual analysis, since they are strongly influenced by Russian literature, which in turn affects their ethnocultural identity. The issue of preserving, strengthening and developing national language in the multilingual space of the Russian Federation is acute. The author undertook an analytical review of the problem on the material of the Ar-Sergi Russian-language poetry. During the study, traditional methods of literary research (quantitative, structural-semiotic, comparison and collation, method of holistic text analysis) were used. Both traditionally mythological and individual authorial realia associated with the perception of calendar natural changes are reflected in the poetic texts of Ar-Sergi. The degree of their semantic connectedness with traditional canons of Udmurt culture is determined. Comprehension of the natural passage of time is closely intertwined with the emotional and psychological plan of the works. The natural landscape axiologically becomes a theme for constant artistic reflection in the poetry of Ar-Sergi. The lexical units from the lexico-semantic group “seasons” have not only a certain temporal semantic load but also denote the internal emotional state of the lyric subject in the poetic texts of the Udmurt poet. The attention of the author is turned not only on his own worldview but also folk-mythological contexts of the whole ethnic group.
    Keywords:
    Udmurt Russian-language poetry, Udmurt folklore, mythopoetic of the seasons
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  • General extralinguistic factors reinforcing specific ideas about the Cheboksary regiolect of the Russian language

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 5 No 2
    Author:
    Eduard V. Fomin
    Work direction:
    World languages and literature
    Abstract:
    The study is devoted to the study of the conditions for the formation and functioning of the Cheboksary regiolect of the Russian language, which is distinguished by a number of stable linguistic parameters. The peculiar sound of the speech of the Cheboksary people has developed under the significant substrate influence of the Chuvash language, among the speakers of which there are currently active processes of a linguistic shift in favor of Russian. The work is written in the aspect of sociolinguistics and is based on the author’s long-term observations of the self-esteem of Cheboksary residents and their assessment by visitors. The purpose of the research is to expand the understanding of extralinguistic factors that do not directly affect the specifics of the speech of Cheboksary people, but at the same time enhance the impression of it from outside observers. The article deals with non-linguistic specific features inherent in the capital of the Chuvash Republic, including geographical, climatic, anthropological, technological and other components. Their presence greatly enhances the perception of the sound of the Russian speech of the inhabitants of Cheboksary and its agglomeration as a unique phenomenon of modern Russian culture. In turn, the specific conditions that support the Cheboksary regiolect are the result of a long historical and social process, including the mass migration of the population in the past, the mixing of different ethnic groups among themselves and the formation of modern peoples in their visually fixed physical features, anthropological impact on the ecumene, etc. in relation to the territory of Chuvashia and nearby regions.
    Keywords:
    Chuvash language, Russian language, language contacts, regional variants of the Russian language
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  • The article discusses the features of creating a romantic image of Little Russia by the example of the collection of fantasy stories "The Double, or My Evenings in Little Russia" (1828) and the novel "Monastyrka" (1830-1833) by A. A. Perovsky (1787-1836), known in Russian literature under the pseudonym Anthony Pogorelsky. As a result, the image of Little Russia is considered through the prism of artistic space, national costume, local speech, everyday life, works of oral folk art, the destinies of Little Russian residents.

    Proceeding
    Pedagogy, Psychology, Society
    Authors:
    Kristina N. Kirichenko, Sergei M. Pronchenko
    Work direction:
    Филология в системе образования
    Abstract:
    The article discusses the features of creating a romantic image of Little Russia by the example of the collection of fantasy stories "The Double, or My Evenings in Little Russia" (1828) and the novel "Monastyrka" (1830-1833) by A. A. Perovsky (1787-1836), known in Russian literature under the pseudonym Anthony Pogorelsky. As a result, the image of Little Russia is considered through the prism of artistic space, national costume, local speech, everyday life, works of oral folk art, the destinies of Little Russian residents.
    Keywords:
    Pogorelsky, Russian romantic literature of the nineteenth century, "The Double, or My evenings in Little Russia", The Monastery, the image of Little Russia, the motif of "earthly paradise"
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  • Updating studies of the young people's ideas about the Russian national character in modern realities

    Proceeding
    Psychology of Personal Interaction in Modern Society
    Authors:
    Darina V. Tselikova, Svetlana A. Elantseva
    Work direction:
    Факторы риска и благополучия развития личности в современном обществе
    Abstract:
    The article presents views on the increasing relevance of modern research of the ideas of Russian youth about their national character, mentality in connection with the geopolitical Russian-Ukrainian conflict. The risks of loss of ethno-cultural identity in the denial of the historical path of development of the nation are noted. Russian youth's understanding of the Russian national character, the characteristic features that distinguish Russian representatives from other ethnic groups, is emphasized in this regard.
    Keywords:
    the Russian people, peculiarities of the Russian national character, representations of youth, the Russian-Ukrainian conflict
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  • The concept of different types and forms of speech

    Proceeding
    Psychological and Pedagogical Support of General, Special and Inclusive Education of Children and Adults
    Author:
    Arina I. Kamenchuk
    Work direction:
    The essence of psychological security of the individual
    Abstract:
    Speech, both in Russian and in speech psychology, has not lost its relevance over a long history. Speech was given the highest importance as writers, speech therapists, as well as contemporaries of psychology. This article will consider the concepts of different types and forms of speech, as well as the concept and content of oral and written speech. The features and distinctive features are revealed.
    Keywords:
    speech, psychology, Russian language, written speech, grammar, oral speech
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  • Mistakes in the oral speech of foreign-speaking children and methods of overcoming them when teaching Russian as a non-native language

    Book Chapter
    Modern Challenges of Education and Psychology of Personality Formation
    Author:
    Anastasia V. Koreneva
    Work direction:
    Глава 11
    Abstract:
    The chapter describes the peculiarities of the oral speech of non-native speaking children. The difficulties that schoolchildren experience in the process of mastering the Russian language as non-native are described. Based on the results of experimental work, typical speech and grammatical errors of schoolchildren were identified and techniques for the development of coherent speech of bilingual children were determined, taking into account the nature of the identified violations. A detailed plan of classes and a set of exercises aimed at the development of all aspects of speech are proposed.
    Keywords:
    speech development, Russian language as non-native, non-native speaking children, oral speech
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  • The development of Russian information technologies as a result of sanctions

    Proceeding
    Socio-Economic Processes of Modern Society (for the 80th anniversary of Lev Panteleimonovich Kurakov)
    Author:
    Ekaterina A. Kukushkina
    Work direction:
    Современные тенденции развития мирового сообщества
    Abstract:
    The work is devoted to the study of the impact of sanctions on the development of modern Russian IT technologies. The purpose of the work is a theoretical analysis and discussion of the hypothesis about the possible positive impact of sanctions on the development of modern Russian IT technologies. In connection with the departure of reputable participants in the IT sector from the Russian market and in the absence of competition, Russian technologies have been given the opportunity to freely introduce new developments in Russian business. Russia can show itself as a strong country, which in the shortest possible time was able to give a worthy response to sanctions and realize its potential in IT technologies. The author's position is substantiated by expert and statistical data from Cnews, Gartner, Rosstat on the development of this sector in Russia and the world. In conclusion, it is emphasized that the development of modern Russian IT technologies was influenced by the sanctions pres
    Keywords:
    economic growth, digital economy, Russian IT technologies, sanctions, support for the IT industry, spending dynamics in the IT industry
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  • The Russian Russian language as the basis of Russian civilization and Statehood, historical and cultural heritage of the Russian Federation

    Book Chapter
    Pedagogy and Psychology as Sciences for the Formation of the Potential of Modern Society
    Author:
    Sergei L. Danilchenko
    Work direction:
    Глава 3
    Abstract:
    Addressing the life of the Russian language as the basis of existence of our people, conscious and purposeful study of the Russian language and teaching it as a native, a second native language, also its dissemination in the world is indispensable and paramount condition for the preservation of the Russian civilization. In all recent conceptual documents, legislative acts, federal and regional programs, the issues of promoting the preservation and development of the Russian language and culture are given a central place. The problem of preserving and developing Russian language and culture and ethno-cultural identity, stated in the chapter, is the issue of preserving one's belonging to a system of cultural values, a set of knowledge, social group experience and traditions developed by ancestors over many centuries.
    Keywords:
    an effective tool for strengthening the unity and integrity of the country, prevention of extremism on national and religious grounds, socio-cultural adaptation and integration of migrants, public-state partnership in the field of interethnic and interreligious relations, strengthening of all-Russian civic identity and unity, support and preservation of the Russian language, activities to support the Russian language
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  • State Research Centers of the Russian Federation is leading components of the nation's technological security

    Proceeding
    Strategies of Sustainable Development: Social, Law and External-economic Aspects
    Author:
    Oksana V. Koval
    Work direction:
    Вопросы социально-экономической эффективности предприятий
    Abstract:
    The article examines the role of scientific organizations and especially the role of State Research Centers of the Russian Federation under current conditions when we need to have own competencies and basic technologies in the most critical sectors of the economy for nation's technological security. The article presents statistical analysis of scientific organizations and Scientific Research Centers of the Russian Federation by the type of scientific activity and departmental affiliation (branches of economy).
    Keywords:
    research, scientific activity, developments, scientific organization, State Research Center of the Russian Federation, basic technologies, monitoring of scientific activity, priorities of scientific and technological development, technological sovereignty, nation's technological security
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  • Technologies for the formation of Russian identity among schoolchildren in the ethno-cultural educational environment

    Review Article
    Development of education Volume 6 No 1
    Author:
    Larisa P. Karpushina
    Work direction:
    Psychology in Education
    Abstract:
    The purpose of the work is to theoretically substantiate the technologies for the formation of Russian identity among schoolchildren in an ethnocultural educational environment and formulate recommendations for their use. Based on the methods of theoretical analysis, as well as generalization of his own and advanced pedagogical experience, the author proposes some effective forms and means that contribute to the formation of Russian identity among schoolchildren in an ethno-cultural educational environment. The article emphasizes the connection between the concepts of «Russian identity» and «patriotism», provides a definition of the ethno-cultural educational environment, describes the various areas of work on the formation of the Russian identity of students in the course of educational and extracurricular activities, reveals the forms of organization of interethnic and intercultural communication participants in the educational process. The paper also considers the means of forming Russian identity in the lessons of literature, mathematics, fine arts, music, and technology. In the conclusions, the author characterizes the process of formation of Russian identity as the process of becoming a socially active person who is able to actively interact in a polyethnic and multicultural society, to carry out interethnic and intercultural communication and cooperation, and from this point of view assigns a special role to gaming technologies and highlights their social function, which consists in the development of social roles by schoolchildren, and, consequently, sociocultural norms, the ability to evaluate their social behavior in terms of the mastered rules of behavior in situations of interethnic and intercultural interaction.
    Keywords:
    schoolchildren, pedagogical technologies, Russian identity, ethno-cultural educational environment
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  • Information Potential and Representativeness of The First General Population Census Of 1897 in The Bessarab Province

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 5 No 1
    Author:
    Nataliia P. Gavriliuk
    Work direction:
    Ethnography, Ethnology and Anthropology
    Abstract:
    The article is devoted to the study of the practice of preparing and conducting the First General Population Census in 1897 on the territory of the Bessarabian province. The research area was not chosen by chance and is connected with the events of today, namely the practice of determining the language of communication and functioning on the territory of the Republic of Moldova. The relevance of the study is beyond doubt, since, to study the composition of the population, the dynamics of the population and national composition, the social picture of the region, primary sources and their analysis by contemporaries of the First General Census of the Russian Empire are used, which allows answering some provocative questions of modern historians and politicians. The identification of the subjects, methods and stages of the census makes it possible to clarify the specifics of this approach in relation to the Russian Empire, since the methods and technologies for conducting population censuses borrowed in Europe required revision and adjustment, taking into account the realities of the Russian Empire. One cannot but agree that the results of the census have many shortcomings, in particular, in terms of the ethnic composition of the population, social groups and categories, the language of communication, the occupations of the inhabitants of the Bessarabian province, which is explained by the very organization of the census, the lack of qualified personnel, insufficient funding, etc. d. But, at the same time, it must be taken into account that for their time these were the necessary data and indicators that subsequently made it possible to determine the policy of the central government on the ground and in particular with regard to Bessarabia – the territory of which for many years was under the control of the Ottoman Empire and around which geopolitical disputes.
    Keywords:
    First general population census, Russian Empire, Bessarabian province, questionnaires, census takers, enumerators, census commissions
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