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List of publications on a keyword: «era»

  • The legal status of participants in relations in the field of MSW management in the context of modernization of the public administration system

    Book Chapter
    Development of the Russian socio-economic system: challenges and prospects
    Author:
    Veronika A. Meshcheriagina
    Work direction:
    Глава 9
    Abstract:
    The chapter examines the legal, organizational, and managerial aspects of reforming the municipal solid waste (MSW) management system in the Russian Federation within the framework of the “waste reform” launched on January 1, 2019. Based on a comprehensive theoretical and legal analysis, the legal status of key participants in the relations is investigated: regional operators, state authorities, local self-government, citizens, and legal entities. Systemic problems are identified: uneven implementation of the reform across regions, low level of secondary raw material extraction, infrastructure deficit, social discontent, insufficient environmental culture of the population, and ambiguity of judicial practice (in particular, regarding the application of GOST standards on a voluntary basis and the calculation of fees during the temporary absence of a consumer). The necessity for further improvement of legislation is substantiated, including the differentiation of the concepts of “permanent” and “temporary” residence for the purposes of fee calculation, as well as the systematization of regulatory acts. It is concluded that the success of the reform depends on coordinated actions of the state, business, and the formation of a new environmental culture of the population.
    Keywords:
    environmental culture, legal status, municipal solid waste, waste reform, regional operator
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  • Artificial intelligence in commercial content: copyright risks and problems of protecting business interests

    Book Chapter
    Development of the Russian socio-economic system: challenges and prospects
    Authors:
    Artiom A. Gomolskii, Ekaterina S. Mitiachkina
    Work direction:
    Глава 14
    Abstract:
    The chapter examines the legal aspects of using content generated with the assistance of artificial intelligence technologies in commercial activities. Particular attention is paid to issues of authorship and ownership of exclusive rights to intellectual property objects created with the participation of AI systems, as well as to the legal challenges of commercial exploitation of AI-generated content. The study analyzes risks associated with copyright infringement, trademark violations, protection of confidential information, and trade secret regimes. Special emphasis is placed on the role of human creative contribution as the key criterion for copyright protection of AI-assisted works. The paper also explores contractual mechanisms for risk allocation among business participants and addresses the use of artificial intelligence tools by employees and contractors. The authors conclude that effective and legally secure use of AI-generated content requires not only compliance with intellectual property legislation but also the implementation of internal corporate policies aimed at risk management and protection of business interests.
    Keywords:
    artificial intelligence, digital technologies, intellectual property, neural networks, copyright, exclusive rights, trademark, legal risks, AI-generated content, trade secret
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  • The language of professional communication: approaches, model, and content of learning in theory and practice of Russian as a foreign language

    Book Chapter
    Issues of education and psychology
    Authors:
    Natalya S. Shatalova, Liudmila S. Shatalova
    Work direction:
    Глава 15
    Abstract:
    The chapter addresses the problem of creating a modern integrative model for teaching foreign language professional communication, taking into account the requirements of professionalization and specialization. Teaching professional communication is considered as an independent area in the methodology of teaching Russian as a foreign language. The article presents a theoretical justification of the proposed model, characterized by phasing and staging of instruction (in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard) and level-based content (bachelor's degree, language proficiency levels B1-C1). Modern approaches to modeling the process of teaching professional communication are considered as a synthesis of conceptual provisions of pedagogical and linguodidactic paradigms. The results of linguistic research on metalanguages of various types of professional discourse for educational purposes are clarified. The basic components of the didactic support of the model are identified, and the pedagogical tools for its implementation are characterized. The content of the diagnostic system for assessing the level of communicative competence formation is defined. A system for diagnosing the effectiveness of professional communication language proficiency is proposed, specifying invariant tasks for levels B1-C1. Theoretical methods, content analysis, continuous sampling method, and statistical methods were applied.
    Keywords:
    professional communication, general theory of linguodidactics, methods of teaching Russian as a foreign language, professional discourse, meta-language of professional communication, and a modern integrative model of teaching the language of professional communication
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  • Assessment of life satisfaction and level of empathy of students of medical universities

    Book Chapter
    Issues of education and psychology
    Authors:
    Vadim V. Riabchikov, Irina D. Iushkova
    Work direction:
    Глава 16
    Abstract:
    The chapter analyzes the results of the research of life satisfaction and level of empathy of students of medical universities. The methodological approaches of foreign and Russian researchers to the problems associated with low life satisfaction and insufficient formation of empathic abilities in future doctors are characterized. The conclusion is made about a decrease in the level of empathy among students of medical universities in the process of study and clinical practice. It is noted that the average values for all components of the empathy scale used are higher among female respondents, as well as the average values on the life satisfaction scale. It is emphasized that within the framework of theoretical and practical training of students of medical universities, it is advisable to pay more attention, including by increasing the volume of classroom work with students, to teaching psychological, pedagogical and communication disciplines aimed at developing empathic abilities.
    Keywords:
    empathy, life satisfaction, future doctors, medical activities, interpersonal interaction
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  • Сюжетно-отобразительная игра как способ формирования социальных навыков у детей раннего возраста

    Conference Paper
    Advanced Pedagogical Experience in the Modern Educational Space
    Authors:
    Tatiana N. Khrameeva, Svetlana V. Smirnova
    Work direction:
    Методология и педагогический дизайн в гибридном и дистанционном обучении
    Abstract:
    This article examines the potential of narrative-based play in developing social skills in young children (1.5–3 years old). The author analyzes the psychological and pedagogical foundations of play activity and presents methodological recommendations for organizing play in preschool settings and in collaboration with families. Particular attention is paid to the role of the teacher as a facilitator of the child's social experience. Pedagogical observations are presented, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed approach
    Keywords:
    socialization, social skills, early childhood, story-based play, subject-development environment, Federal Educational Program for Preschool Education
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  • THE TEACHER AS A DIRECTOR OF AN EDUCATIONAL EVENT

    Conference Paper
    Advanced Pedagogical Experience in the Modern Educational Space
    Author:
    Aleksei K. Osin
    Work direction:
    Профессиональный рост педагога: традиции и инновации
    Abstract:
    This article explores the role of the teacher as the director of an educational event, revealing the specifics of teaching skills aimed at creating conditions for active, creative, and independent learning by students. The author examines the art of teaching through the lens of directorial competencies: the ability to design an educational space, construct a lesson narrative, engage students in the learning process, manage the emotional atmosphere of the lesson, and stimulate the personal development of each student. Methods and techniques that enable teachers to effectively organize the educational process are also explored.
    Keywords:
    motivation of students, Pedagogical directing, educational event, design of educational space, pedagogical excellence, creative activity of students, educational drama, developmental learning, student-centered approach, interactivity in education
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  • The impact of artificial intelligence on English language learning among university students: opportunities, risks, and pedagogical conditions

    Conference Paper
    Education, innovation, research as a resource for community development
    Authors:
    Oleg P. Yuzhalin, Ivan A. Filatov, Anastasia V. Filipskaya
    Work direction:
    Современные технологии в образовании
    Abstract:
    This article reviews recent evidence on how artificial intelligence (AI) affects English language learning among university students. Based on systematic reviews, meta-analyses, empirical studies, and UNESCO guidance, the paper shows that AI can support vocabulary, writing, reading, speaking practice, and self-regulated learning. At the same time, it can weaken learning when students rely on it uncritically or use it without ethical boundaries. The article argues that AI is most effective as a supplementary tool within teacher-guided instruction and proposes conditions for responsible classroom integration.
    Keywords:
    artificial intelligence, university students, generative AI, English language learning, self-regulated learning
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  • The role of English language proficiency in ensuring internet safety

    Conference Paper
    Education, innovation, research as a resource for community development
    Authors:
    Matvey V. Zharov, Oleg I. Bychkov, Anastasia V. Filipskaya
    Work direction:
    Современные технологии в образовании
    Abstract:
    The article examines the relationship between English language proficiency and cybersecurity awareness among non-native English-speaking internet users. The study analyzes common internet safety scenarios-including phishing detection, privacy settings configuration, and security software usage to identify how English competence affects user protection. Recommendations for improving digital safety education for non-English speakers are presented.
    Keywords:
    digital literacy, cybersecurity, phishing, internet safety, English language proficiency, linguistic barriers, online threats
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  • The role of innovative technologies in improving the effectiveness of education

    Conference Paper
    Education, innovation, research as a resource for community development
    Author:
    Svetlana A. Krasnova
    Work direction:
    Инновационные технологии как ресурс повышения качества образования
    Abstract:
    The article examines traditional and innovative teaching technologies used in military educational institutions in the light of higher education reform. The methods and means of introducing innovative technologies by teachers of the humanities and socio-economic block are described in detail. Measures are proposed to improve the quality of specialist training at military universities.
    Keywords:
    higher education reform, interactive teaching methods, innovative learning technologies
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  • EXTRACURRICULAR LESSONS ON MASTERING FIRST AID AS A WAY TO INCREASE LEARNING MOTIVATION AND ACTIVELY DEVELOP STUDENTS' SKILLS

    Conference Paper
    Education, innovation, research as a resource for community development
    Authors:
    Aleksei K. Osin, Aleksandr S. Kuznetsov
    Work direction:
    Образовательный процесс в высшей профессиональной школе
    Abstract:
    This article examines the impact of extracurricular activities within the First Aid program on students' academic motivation and practical skill acquisition. The study demonstrates that students' involvement in extracurricular activities through the volunteer program not only improves their first aid skills but also enhances their overall interest in learning. The findings confirm the effectiveness of extracurricular activities as a means of enhancing motivation and strengthening life safety competencies.
    Keywords:
    extracurricular activities, learning motivation, development of competencies, interactive teaching methods, development of practical skills
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  • The concept of a communicative approach in teaching Russian

    Conference Paper
    Education, innovation, research as a resource for community development
    Author:
    Tatiana V. Zastrozhnaia
    Work direction:
    Филология в системе образования
    Abstract:
    The paper examines the concept of the communicative approach in the methodology of teaching the Russian language. It highlights the history of the development of this approach in Russian pedagogy, reveals its key principles (functionality, situativity, novelty, and speech orientation), and describes the forms of its implementation in lessons (situational exercises and cooperative learning). Special attention is given to the compliance of the communicative approach with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for Primary General Education, showing how it contributes to the formation of communicative universal educational actions and the development of students' communicative competence, which includes their readiness and ability to engage in speech communication. The article concludes that this approach is important for developing all language skills (reading, writing, listening, and speaking) and encouraging students to be active in the classroom.
    Keywords:
    communicative competence, Federal State Educational Standard, situational exercises, Communicative approach, methods of teaching Russian, communicative universal learning activities, cooperative learning, and speech activity
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  • A polysensory environment as a condition for effective correction of general speech underdevelopment in preschoolers

    Conference Paper
    Education, innovation, research as a resource for community development
    Authors:
    Anastasiia S. Chubukova, Svetlana V. Bogatyriova
    Work direction:
    Инклюзивное образование как ресурс создания толерантной среды
    Abstract:
    The article presents the experience of using a polysensory environment in the correctional work with 4-5-year-old children with general speech underdevelopment of the II level. The author substantiates the need for the systematic use of sensorimotor equipment to form all components of the speech system. The article describes the specific results of the experimental study: in the experimental group, the integral indicator of speech development increased by 36.2 points, which is 4 times higher than the dynamics of the control group. The article is addressed to practicing speech therapists, educators, and students of дефектологических faculties.
    Keywords:
    preschoolers, general speech underdevelopment, correctional work, polysensory environment, sensorimotor integration, experimental research
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  • Theoretical and Methodological Aspects of Developing General Endurance in Senior High School Students through Functional Training

    Conference Paper
    Education, innovation, research as a resource for community development
    Authors:
    Iuliia S. Andreeva, Anna I. Ros
    Work direction:
    Теория и методика физического воспитания, спортивной тренировки, оздоровительной и адаптивной физической культуры
    Abstract:
    This article addresses the decline in general endurance levels among senior high school students. Based on the age-related physiological characteristics of 16- to 18-year-old male and female students, optimal training parameters are substantiated. Functional exercise complexes utilizing light loads, implemented through circuit and interval training protocols, are proposed as an effective tool for developing aerobic capacity and strengthening the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Methodological guidelines have been developed for designing safe and technically sound training sessions that can be integrated into the educational curriculum in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard for Secondary General Education (FGOS SOO).
    Keywords:
    teaching methodology, circuit training, functional training, general endurance, senior high school age, aerobic energy supply, cardiorespiratory system
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  • Antibacterial Properties of Common Plants

    Conference Paper
    Fundamental and applied research for key propriety areas of bioecology and biotechnology
    Authors:
    Veronika V. Siruliaeva, Mariia A. Frolova, Irina A. Dobrosmyslova, Svetoslav A. Dobrosmyslov, Anatolii P. Zhuravlev
    Work direction:
    Актуальные вопросы биоэкологии, систематики, анатомии и морфологии животных и растений
    Abstract:
    In this study, we present the results of a comparative analysis of the antibacterial activity of aqueous extracts of common plants: garlic (Allium sativum), onion (Allium cepa), and horseradish (Armoracia rusticana). The aim of the study was to evaluate the phytoncidal properties of these plants in the context of searching for natural alternatives to synthetic antibiotics amid rising antibiotic resistance. The ability of phytoncides to inhibit the growth of bacterial test cultures on a nutrient medium has been experimentally confirmed. The garlic extract demonstrated the highest antibacterial efficacy, which is consistent with the proposed hypothesis and is due to the high content of allicin — a biologically active compound with pronounced antimicrobial activity.
    Keywords:
    Phytoncides, antibacterial activity, garlic, onion, horseradish, allicin, plant extracts, antibiotic resistance
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  • Effects of Different Music Genres on Behavioral and Physiological Indicators in Pets

    Conference Paper
    Fundamental and applied research for key propriety areas of bioecology and biotechnology
    Authors:
    Anna O. Lavrenteva, Mariia A. Frolova, Elena V. Sapiorova, Svetoslav A. Dobrosmyslov, Anatolii P. Zhuravlev
    Work direction:
    Клеточная биология, цитология, гистология, анатомия и физиология
    Abstract:
    This study presents the results of a comparative analysis of the effects of acoustic stimuli on the psychophysiological state of domestic animals (dogs and cats). An experimental assessment was carried out of behavioral and physiological indicators — including rest/sleep duration, heart rate, and relaxation index — under the influence of various music genres and species‑specific compositions. The aim of the research was to test the hypothesis regarding the species‑specific nature of animal responses to music, depending on its acoustic parameters (tempo, frequency spectrum, and harmonic structure). The results revealed statistically significant differences in the reactions to classical music, rock music, and species‑specific compositions, which makes it possible to substantiate recommendations for creating an optimal acoustic environment for animals.
    Keywords:
    stress response, animal music therapy, auditory perception, behavioral indicators, acoustic environmental enrichment, dogs, cats, heart rate, relaxation index
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  • Pharmacological and Biochemical Properties and Practical Applications of Medicinal Plants

    Conference Paper
    Fundamental and applied research for key propriety areas of bioecology and biotechnology
    Authors:
    Olga G. Semionova, Irina A. Dobrosmyslova, Mariia A. Frolova, Elena V. Sapiorova, Svetoslav A. Dobrosmyslov, Anatolii P. Zhuravlev
    Work direction:
    Биохимия и токсикология (биохимические, иммунологические, токсикологические исследования)
    Abstract:
    The paper presents the results of a study examining the practices of using medicinal plants (chamomile, wormwood, dog rose, and hawthorn) among the population of the Chuvash Republic, as well as an assessment of respondents’ attitudes towards the independent harvesting of herbal raw materials and towards pharmaceutical forms. The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that there is a high level of public trust in the healing properties of traditional medicinal plants and to identify the reasons for preferring purchased raw materials over self‑collected ones. The empirical part included an analysis of scientific literature, a sociological survey (n = 28), and the systematisation of data on the pharmacological properties, chemical composition of the plants, and safe practices for working with herbal raw materials. The results showed that chamomile is the most sought‑after plant (39 % of respondents), while more than 70 % of the surveyed individuals prefer pharmaceutical‑grade raw
    Keywords:
    standardization, safety, sociological survey, Phytotherapy, medicinal plants, chamomile, wormwood, rosehip, hawthorn, collection and storage, pharmacognosy, plant raw material, synergistic effect, chemical composition, active substances, pharmacological effects
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  • The Physico‑Biological Role of Water and the Dependence of Aqueous Solution Density on Sucrose Concentration

    Conference Paper
    Fundamental and applied research for key propriety areas of bioecology and biotechnology
    Authors:
    Daria V. Kulanova, Daria M. Poltaeva, Mariia A. Frolova, Elena V. Sapiorova, Svetoslav A. Dobrosmyslov, Anatolii P. Zhuravlev
    Work direction:
    Биохимия и токсикология (биохимические, иммунологические, токсикологические исследования)
    Abstract:
    This study presents a comparative analysis of how sucrose (C 12 ​ H 22 ​ O 11 ​ ) concentration affects aqueous solution density, interpreting the data through biochemical and physical‑chemical mechanisms (hydration, hydrogen‑bond network rearrangement, osmotic effects); a direct correlation between sucrose concentration and density was confirmed, with the maximum density increase (1.280 g/cm³) observed at a 44.4 % mass fraction, reflecting solution structure compaction due to intermolecular interactions, and supporting the use of the areometric method for rapid carbohydrate concentration assessment in technological and biochemical systems, as well as interpretation in terms of water‑salt homeostasis and osmoregulation.
    Keywords:
    water, sucrose, solution density, concentration, hydration, hydrogen bonds, osmotic pressure, biochemical interactions, areometric method, hydration shell
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  • Economic efficiency of generative AI implementation in companies

    Conference Paper
    Strategies of Sustainable Development: Social, Law and External-economic Aspects
    Authors:
    Valery V. Polovinkin, Elizaveta E. Solozhenkina
    Work direction:
    Вопросы социально-экономической эффективности предприятий
    Abstract:
    This study examines the economic efficiency of generative artificial intelligence in the context of its widespread adoption in business. Based on an analysis of international studies and corporate case studies, it has been found that generative AI increases productivity and the quality of work. However, the outcome depends on the type of tasks, employee qualifications and the degree of integration into business processes. It has been established that the key effectiveness factor is the extent of the technology’s integration into the company’s operational activities.
    Keywords:
    companies, business processes, generative artificial intelligence, cost-effectiveness, labour productivity
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  • Teacher-Student Interaction: Key Factors Affecting Behavior in the Learning Process

    Conference Paper
    Pedagogy, Psychology, Society: from theory to practice
    Authors:
    Nataliia I. Smirnova, Elena P. Temchenko
    Work direction:
    Развитие психолого-педагогического сопровождения в современном образовании
    Abstract:
    The article is devoted to the analysis of the interaction between a teacher and a student and its influence on the behavior of the participants in the educational process; the key factors that determine the nature of this interaction are revealed. The article discusses the styles of pedagogical communication, their influence on student motivation, the personal and professional qualities of teachers, the psychological characteristics of students, and the role of active teaching methods and the psychological atmosphere in the classroom.
    Keywords:
    teaching methods, individual characteristics, pedagogical communication, interaction between a teacher and a student, authoritarian style, democratic style, and liberal (indulgent) style
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  • The ability to work with information as a meta-subject educational result

    Conference Paper
    Education in the 21st Century: Challenges, Practices, and Development Trends
    Authors:
    Polina A. Gladkikh, Liudmila A. Orlova
    Work direction:
    Specificity of Professional Activity of Psychological and Pedagogic Stuff in the Educational System
    Abstract:
    The article is devoted to the development of students' ability to work with information as a meta-subjective learning outcome (FGOS LLC). The article reveals 8 components of the skill (search, analysis, structuring, etc.), criteria and levels of its assessment, typical problems in schools. Recommendations on pedagogical conditions and practical methods of information literacy formation are given.
    Keywords:
    pedagogical conditions, critical thinking, Federal State Educational Standard, metasubject skills, ability to work with information
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  • Spatial thinking as a basis for preparing 4-5-year-old preschoolers for school

    Conference Paper
    Psychological and Pedagogical Research – Tula Region
    Author:
    Polina A. Borzova
    Work direction:
    Проблемы обучения, развития, воспитания и социализации личности обучающегося в условиях цифровизации
    Abstract:
    Spatial thinking plays a fundamental role in the cognitive development of preschoolers and the formation of readiness for school. The article discusses the problem of developing spatial thinking in children aged 4-5, and analyzes the theoretical foundations, levels, and components of spatial representations. Special attention is paid to game methods and didactic techniques, as well as an integrative approach in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard for Preschool Education. The article substantiates the need for targeted pedagogical work to successfully master mathematics, writing, reading, and other school skills. The article provides recommendations for teachers and parents on organizing a developing spatial environment and using integrative approaches in various types of children's activities.
    Keywords:
    spatial thinking, spatial representations, preparation for school, Federal State Educational Standard, cognitive development, didactic games, preschoolers aged 4-5
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  • Creative Methods of Overcoming Stress: A Comparative Analysis of Approaches in Modern Psychotherapy

    Conference Paper
    Psychological and Pedagogical Research – Tula Region
    Authors:
    Kseniia D. Vlasova, Iuliia V. Romanova
    Work direction:
    Современные техники практической психологии
    Abstract:
    The article discusses some aspects related to creative methods of stress management. It presents modern approaches in modern psychotherapy aimed at improving a person's psychoemotional state. In the context of the modern information society and the accelerated pace of life, the problem of effective stress management becomes particularly important. It has been established that traditional verbal methods of psychotherapy do not always demonstrate sufficient effectiveness in dealing with repressed emotions and psychosomatic manifestations, which explains the growing interest in creative (art-oriented) approaches.
    Keywords:
    stress, comparative analysis, art therapy, creative methods, modern psychotherapy, cognitive behav-ioral therapy
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  • The development of critical thinking as a pedagogical strategy in the era of information abundance

    Book Chapter
    Modern issues of pedagogy and psychology: theoretical and methodological approaches and practical re-search results
    Author:
    Aleksandr I. Kugai
    Work direction:
    Глава 1
    Abstract:
    This chapter explores the transformation of pedagogical approaches in the context of digital information abundance. The author substantiates the need to shift from the classical educational paradigm of knowledge accumulation to a strategy of developing «cognitive immunity». Drawing on J. Baudrillard's concept of simulacra, D. Kahneman's theory of two systems of thinking, and the methodological standards of R. Paul and L. Elder, the paper proposes a toolkit for «intellectual resistance» to algorithmic distortions. Particular attention is paid to D. Halpern's four-stage model and the implementation of «slow reading» and «zones of intellectual discomfort» practices as ways to overcome fragmentation of consciousness and restore learner agency in the age of hyperreality.
    Keywords:
    critical thinking, media literacy, echo chambers, information abundance, pedagogical strategy, simulacrum, System 1, System 2, cognitive biases, intellectual standards, cognitive immunity
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  • Formation of Motivational Readiness for Interaction in Preschoolers with Autism Spectrum Disorder through Robotics

    Conference Paper
    Defectology and Education Today: Fundamental and Applied Research
    Authors:
    Anastasiia A. Shvetsova, Elena I. Zhuravleva
    Work direction:
    Современные подходы к обучению и воспитанию лиц с ограниченными возможностями здоровья в образовательных организациях
    Abstract:
    This article examines the development of motivation and readiness to interact in preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder. It examines the fundamental concepts of social interaction in psychological science and its specific features for children with autism spectrum disorder, and characterizes key deficits in social interaction. The article also identifies the results of an analysis of Russian studies focusing on overcoming social deficits in preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder and highlights key aspects of using robotics and interactive devices in developing communication skills in this group of children. The article presents the potential for developing motivation to interact in preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder using robotics. The article also highlights the potential for using interactive devices in preschool educational institutions.
    Keywords:
    communication, robotics, social interaction, preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder, motivation to interact, interactive devices
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  • Дидактическая игра как средство формирования фонематического восприятия у старших дошкольников со стертой дизартрией

    Conference Paper
    Defectology and Education Today: Fundamental and Applied Research
    Authors:
    Milena I. Paskhalidi, Elena A. Shumilova
    Work direction:
    Современные тенденции в диагностике, коррекции и реабилитации лиц с речевыми нарушениями
    Abstract:
    The article discusses the problem of developing phonemic perception in older preschool children with mild dysarthria through the use of didactic games. It provides an analysis of theoretical approaches to understanding the specific features of phonemic processes in this form of speech pathology. The article substantiates the importance of using game methods in speech therapy for preschool children with dysarthric disorders. It describes the directions and stages of developing phonemic perception through didactic games. The article presents the results of the practical application of game technologies in speech therapy.
    Keywords:
    speech therapy correction, senior preschool age, game technologies, phonemic hearing, phonemic perception, didactic game, and mild dysarthria
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