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List of publications on a keyword: «age»

  • The problem of developing self-service skills in preschoolers with autism spectrum disorders

    Book Chapter
    Principles of building a new ecosystem: social, economic and legal aspects
    Authors:
    Viktoriia A. Patrusheva, Eva E. Artemova
    Work direction:
    Глава 10
    Abstract:
    This chapter presents an analysis of the concept of childhood autism and examines theoretical approaches to the study of the specifics of the formation of self-service skills in preschool children suffering from autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Mastering self-service skills such as dressing, hygiene procedures, independent eating and toilet skills represent a key stage in a child's ontogenesis. These skills provide independence, boost self-esteem, and promote successful socialization. Theoretical analysis of the work proves that in children with ASD, the process of forming these skills is associated with certain difficulties due to developmental features, including difficulties in understanding verbal instructions, planning and implementing sequential actions, as well as increased sensory sensitivity.
    Keywords:
    preschool age, autism, self-care, autism spectrum disorders (ASD)
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  • The role of women authors in changing the image of women in contemporary Kazakh literature

    Proceeding
    The development of modern education in the context of educational competence
    Authors:
    Gulnar T. Omarova, Gul'zhikhan A. Kukenova, Raikhan O. Tuksaitova
    Work direction:
    История, проблемы и перспективы развития образования
    Abstract:
    The article is devoted to a comprehensive study of the image of women in modern Kazakh literature. The analysis is carried out by studying the works of female authors and their contribution to the creation of these images. The main objects of consideration are Ayagul Mantai, Torgyn Zholdasbekovna, Asylzat Arystanbek and their works. The purpose of the study is to reveal the image of women in modern Kazakh literature, to determine the contribution of women authors, and to study the changes that the image of women has undergone. If earlier male writers prevailed in literature, now the number of female writers is growing. It was hypothesized that an increase in the contribution of women authors to literature will lead to the development of public consciousness and the image of women.
    Keywords:
    image, stereotype, public consciousness, image of women, writer, modern literature
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  • Narrative Approaches in Psychology and Coaching: Methodology and Theory

    Proceeding
    Coaching psychology: methodology, theory, practice
    Author:
    Kirill V. Kaulin
    Work direction:
    Psychological security in the digital environment of an educational institution
    Abstract:
    The article examines the theoretical and methodological foundations of the narrative approach in psychology and coaching. The analysis of the approach is conducted through the lens of how a person perceives and structures information, forms a story, and how their consciousness functions. It explores methods and techniques that enhance the efficiency of this process and facilitate the delivery of information to the individual. Further directions for deepening the narrative approach are proposed, both in the theoretical domain and in practical application.
    Keywords:
    information, method, psychology, mass communication, social psychology, methodology, advertising, stereotype, attitude, techniques, Lasswell, communications, story, consciousness, narrative, mindfulness, Narrative approaches, narrative coaching, narrative psychology, post-nonclassical rationality, social constructivism, psychology theory, persuasion, mental image, image influence, social programming, analytical psychology, life script, authority, Lippmann, Gergen, Jung, McAdams, Dilts, Bruner, mindfulness practices, CBT (cognitive-behavioral therapy), personal myth
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  • GAMIFICATION IN EDUCATION

    Proceeding
    Sormovo Readings- 2025: scientific and educational space, realities and prospects for improving the quality of education
    Author:
    Ol'ga S. Grigorenko
    Work direction:
    Инновации в образовании: интеграция новых знаний и технологий в учебные программы
    Abstract:
    Gamification in education is the integration of game elements and principles into the educational process. This approach uses different techniques such as scores, levels, points, achievements, and competitions to create a more interactive learning environment. However, the introduction of gamification is also associated with a number of disadvantages, which include the risk of reduced academic activity, difficulty in assessing knowledge, and the need to take into account students' individual preferences. In general, gamification is a promising area that can significantly enrich the learning process if it is used taking into account its advantages and disadvantages.
    Keywords:
    motivation, education, learning, gamification, learning process, critical thinking, collaboration, game elements, engagement, knowledge assessment
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  • Specificities of the impact of a crisis situation on the development of self-esteem in adolescence

    Proceeding
    Sormovo Readings- 2025: scientific and educational space, realities and prospects for improving the quality of education
    Author:
    Dar'ia D. Fomicheva
    Work direction:
    Психолого-педагогическая поддержка личности в экстремальных условиях и кризисных ситуациях жизнедеятельности
    Abstract:
    In the article, the author provides a brief analysis of theoretical provisions on the types of crisis situations and the specificities of the development of self-esteem in adolescence. The purpose of the article is to reveal the theoretical aspects of the concepts of "crisis situation" and "self-esteem", to identify the factors influencing the crisis situation on the self-esteem of a teenager.
    Keywords:
    personality, individual, crisis, self-esteem, teenager, self-knowledge, adolescence, crisis situation, self-perception, personality crisis
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  • Quality management of the technological process through the development of a statistical control system model.

    Proceeding
    Law, Economics and Management
    Authors:
    Bogdan V. Grushenko, Iurii A. Orlov, Dmitrii I. Orlov
    Work direction:
    Менеджмент и маркетинг
    Abstract:
    A model of a statistical process control (SPC) system has been developed for the production of wood-polymer composite (WPC). The main goal is to improve the stability of technological processes and reduce the amount of defective products. The economic effect lies in reducing the costs associated with defective items. The developed model is tailored to the specifics of WPC production and can be applied at other enterprises.
    Keywords:
    data analysis, quality management system, Statistica, SPC (Statistical Process Control), WPC profile, technological processes, quality control, economic effects, defective products, consumer
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  • D.G. Meade's Philosophy of Education

    Book Chapter
    Modern issues of pedagogy and psychology: theoretical and methodological approaches and practical research results
    Author:
    Aleksandr I. Kugai
    Work direction:
    Глава 11
    Abstract:
    Among the classic works on the philosophy of education, the work of George Herbert Mead occupies a special place. Mead points out that we usually approach education in reverse, focusing, even in the early years, on assessing and ranking children on their individual performance. We also make adult goals central, breaking adult understandings into fragments that children absorb piecemeal, without meaning. Mead suggests that these priorities should be reversed. We should begin with simple social activities, such as play, which involves shared activities or simple division of roles. We should also begin with an emphasis on social-emotional comfort and connection rather than intellectual activity, gradually moving to more autonomous and intellectually oriented activities.
    Keywords:
    philosophy of education, George Herbert Mead, social meaning, stages of child development, social-emotional comfort
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  • D.G. Meade's Philosophy of Education

    Book Chapter
    Modern issues of pedagogy and psychology: theoretical and methodological approaches and practical research results
    Author:
    Aleksandr I. Kugai
    Work direction:
    Глава 11
    Abstract:
    Among the classic works on the philosophy of education, the work of George Herbert Mead occupies a special place. Mead points out that we usually approach education in reverse, focusing, even in the early years, on assessing and ranking children on their individual performance. We also make adult goals central, breaking adult understandings into fragments that children absorb piecemeal, without meaning. Mead suggests that these priorities should be reversed. We should begin with simple social activities, such as play, which involves shared activities or simple division of roles. We should also begin with an emphasis on social-emotional comfort and connection rather than intellectual activity, gradually moving to more autonomous and intellectually oriented activities.
    Keywords:
    philosophy of education, George Herbert Mead, social meaning, stages of child development, social-emotional comfort
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  • SECONDARY GENERAL EDUCATION TEACHERS’ AGING (ON THE EXAMPLE OF ALATYR CHUVASH REPUBLIC)

    Book Chapter
    Modern issues of pedagogy and psychology: theoretical and methodological approaches and practical research results
    Author:
    Irina V. Rodionova
    Work direction:
    Глава 14
    Abstract:
    The purpose of the study is to consider the teachers’ aging. The factors influencing it are marked, using the example of Alatyr in the Chuvash Republic. In the chapter reveals the local features of secondary school staffing based on the empirical research analysis conducted in the period of 2021 – 2023. To understand the dynamic of changes in teachers’ aging, statistics was calculated. To visualize the results of the study a graphical method was used. The trend towards the aging of teachers in the school system of Alatyr, Chuvash Republic is obvious. It is also proved by the results of the research in pools of primary school, English and Maths teachers in 2021 and 2023. Current data may enable local education authorities to take a long-term approach to establishing a systematic set of strategies to build a more solid ground of the profession. The practical significance of the research lies in the fact that the obtained data, indicating a low level of renewal of the teaching staff, can be used to improve the situation with the aging of teachers. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that previously the teachers’ aging problem was not directly associated with local features of secondary school staffing. The data can be used by specialists to clarify the system of actions to stimulate the recruitment and retention of new teachers in the school system of a small town considering the local features.
    Keywords:
    teaching staff, aging of teachers, new teachers, local features of secondary school staffing, teacher renewal, secondary general education, teaching staff shortage
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  • Improving the Management System of a State-Owned Enterprise (Using the Example of the Kaluga Region State-Owned Enterprise Kaluga Machine and Technological Station)

    Book Chapter
    Vectors of socio-economic development in Russia. Modern challenges and opportunities
    Author:
    Vladimir N. Kruglov
    Work direction:
    Глава 6
    Abstract:
    The relevance of the research topic lies in the need for continuous improvement of the management system of state-owned enterprises based on the analysis of estimated performance indicators and identification of existing problems. The object of the study is the state unitary enterprise of the subjects of the Russian Federation of the Kaluga Region Kaluga MTS (hereinafter abbreviated as MTS). SE KO «Kaluga MTS»). The subject of the research is the management system of the Kaluga MTS State Enterprise. The theoretical basis of the research was domestic and foreign scientific periodicals, textbooks, and materials from scientific and practical conferences and monographs. The information base was the official website of the enterprise, its financial statements and reports of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Kaluga region. During the preparation of the material, such methods as computational-analytical, structural-logical, monographic, as well as methods of analysis and synthesis were used.
    Keywords:
    management system, leasing, intellectual property, labor motivation, economic effect, agricultural sector, state-owned enterprise, indicative approach, synergy effect, multiplicative approach
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  • Digitalization of the sports economy in Russia: problems and prospects

    Book Chapter
    Vectors of socio-economic development in Russia. Modern challenges and opportunities
    Author:
    Elena G. Kostenko
    Work direction:
    Глава 8
    Abstract:
    The latest technologies are being actively introduced into the Russian sports industry, opening up new opportunities for all participants in the sports process. Digitalization of the sports economy opens up new prospects for increasing the efficiency of development of all areas of physical culture. According to the author, in the future, the role of information systems in football will only grow, making the sport even more entertaining and accessible.
    Keywords:
    Management, data analysis, planning, information systems, forecasting, digital platforms
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  • Optimization of the transport and logistics model in the field of food wholesale

    Book Chapter
    Vectors of socio-economic development in Russia. Modern challenges and opportunities
    Author:
    Aleksandr V. Kurdiumov
    Work direction:
    Глава 10
    Abstract:
    The relevance of the study lies in its practical focus on solving real management and financial problems that arise in the course of business activities of many trade organizations. After all, business analysis and optimization of the transport and logistics model is a critical issue that determines not only the success of the company, but also its long-term perspective on the market. In this study, the author set a goal to form, based on the studied theoretical sources and business analysis of the enterprise, recommendations for optimizing the transport and logistics model for AGROTORG LLC. A business analysis of the transport and logistics model of AGROTORG LLC was carried out, and measures were proposed to optimize the transport and logistics model. The object of the study is AGROTORG LLC. The subject of the study is the optimization of the transport and logistics model of the analyzed enterprise.
    Keywords:
    efficiency, transport and logistics model, Supply chain management competition, distribution center
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  • The introduction of innovative technologies in the logistics of synthetic rubber production

    Book Chapter
    Vectors of socio-economic development in Russia. Modern challenges and opportunities
    Author:
    Liudmila F. Shaibakova
    Work direction:
    Глава 11
    Abstract:
    The chapter describes the characteristics of rubber production in world and Russian practice. There is a growing demand for rubber worldwide due to the development of the production of rubber products, in particular, tires for the automotive industry, sports shoes, the needs of healthcare and the production of medical equipment, and the development of the construction industry. Synthetic rubber has become a serious alternative to natural rubber as a material with greater durability and higher productivity in its production. An assessment of the Russian market for the production of synthetic rubber in primary forms is given. It is noted that this market is highly concentrated with obvious signs of monopolization. The sales leader in this market is PJSC Nizhnekamskneftekhim, whose share in 2023 amounted to more than 75%. An assessment of the trends in the development of the production activities of this organization for the period 2010–2023 was carried out, conclusions were drawn about the general trend of sales growth with deviations during the pandemic and in modern conditions of sanctions pressure on the economy of the Russian Federation. There is a decrease in the financial stability of the organization, which, however, has maintained its profitability and return on sales above the industry average. The business process of material and technical support of PJSC Nizhnekamskneftekhim is considered. It is noted that the procurement service employees spend most of their working time applying for low-value goods. It is proposed to solve this problem by developing a logistics module within the framework of the implemented Unified Corporate Template, which allows approving procurement documents in electronic form, as well as by introducing the MarketPlace online store as an innovative technology for purchasing low-value goods. The research used general scientific (analysis, synthesis, analogy, generalization), as well as private (observation, comparison, measurement and description) methods. The methodology of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of Russia for assessing economic concentration in commodity markets is used. The object of the study was the type of economic activity – the production of synthetic rubber in primary forms (OKVED code: 20.17).
    Keywords:
    logistics, synthetic rubber production, digitalization of the management process, PJSC Nizhnekamskneftekhim
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  • Verb constructions with the verb “venire” in Italian: analyzing multiverbal structures

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 7 No 1
    Author:
    Davide Skaliia
    Work direction:
    World languages and literature
    Abstract:
    The article proposes an analysis of verb structures in Italian using the verb venire "come" with the aim of classifying them into one of the following categories: verb periphrases, pseudo-coordination or verb serial constructions. The material of the study is empirical material taken from Italian corpora. The work is based on the method of distributional and distributional-statistical analysis. The study actively uses the glossing rules laid down by the Leipzig system. This approach allows not only to reveal semantic and syntactic relationships, but also to systematize the obtained data with unique accuracy, providing a deep understanding of the structural features of the language. The working hypothesis of the study is that constructions with the verb venire can be classified according to different features, such as structure, semantic nuances, context of use and linguistic features, in order to better understand the distribution and use of the above-mentioned verb structures in the Italian linguistic panorama. Having explained the principles by which the different constructions were investigated and analyzed, it can be concluded that Italian verb constructions using the verb venire can be identified as verb periphrases or special cases of paratactic constructions.
    Keywords:
    serial verb constructions, typological linguistics, Italian language, verbal structures, verbal paraphrases, pseudo-coordination
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  • Application of the Pareto principle in the process of teaching a foreign language in a higher educational institution

    Research Article
    Development of education Volume 8 No 1
    Authors:
    Valentina V. Ponikarovskaya, Marina A. Paniushkina, Natalia V. Matsakova, Marina G. Popova, Vladimir V. Pozdniakov
    Work direction:
    Pedagogy and Modern Education
    Abstract:
    The work is devoted to the practical implementation of the Pareto principle in the process of language training of students of non-linguistic specialties of the university. Due to the organization of the learning process on the basis of the course, which is based on the 80/20 rule, attention is focused on the direct perception of information, a conscious approach of students to their learning activities, the perception of educational activities as an imitation modeling of a real language environment, readiness for full and productive communication in a foreign language, taking into account its cultural characteristics are formed. Important advantages of the developed course are the focus on the practical use of the language, the acquisition of useful experience of communication with native speakers. The knowledge gained through this method becomes a valuable asset and helps to cope with any communicative tasks in a foreign language. The conducted experimental work has confirmed that students whose learning process was organized on the basis of the Pareto principle achieve significant results in learning a foreign language faster than with traditional teaching methods.
    Keywords:
    differentiation, simulation modeling, individualization of learning, language environment, 80/20 rule, language aspect
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  • The use of professionally oriented texts in the system of teaching Russian as a foreign language

    Research Article
    Development of education Volume 8 No 1
    Author:
    Yuliya N. Kuznetsova
    Work direction:
    Pedagogy and Modern Education
    Abstract:
    The article raises the issue of teaching Russian as a foreign language to foreign citizens in Russian universities. Russian Russian as a foreign language is defined in the article, and the most common methods used in teaching Russian as a foreign language are outlined. It is emphasized that the importance of the text-based approach in teaching Russian to foreign citizens has increased recently. The important role of the text in the process of teaching Russian as a foreign language is argued. It is noted that the text-forming approach highlights the text as the main unit of learning, that working with the text contributes to the formation and development of skills of all types of speech activity (reading, writing, listening, speaking), as well as develops grammatical skills, increases learning motivation. The interpretation of the concept of "text" by modern scientists is analyzed, the role of text in the system of teaching Russian as a foreign language is determined. Much attention is paid to the study of work with scientific and professionally oriented texts, which is due to the special focus of these types of texts, which contribute to the formation of a theoretical framework of concepts, the integration of the meaning of all linguistic units, and the development of creative and cognitive abilities of foreign students. An example of complex work with professionally oriented text is given. The main types of tasks performed when working with text are systematized. It is summarized that working with the text forms general professional and universal competencies, contributes to the development of the use of professionally significant vocabulary and terminology in the process of communication.
    Keywords:
    text, Russian as a foreign language, text-forming approach, professionally oriented text
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  • The spiritual and moral foundations of the family in the epistolary legacy of I.Ya. Yakovlev

    Research Article
    Development of education Volume 8 No 1
    Author:
    Larisa N. Ivanova
    Work direction:
    Pedagogy and Modern Education
    Abstract:
    The epistolary legacy of the outstanding educator Ivan Yakovlevich Yakovlev (1848-1930) is a unique phenomenon in the culture of the Chuvash people. It expresses in a certain way the image of the multifaceted personality of I.Ya. Yakovlev, who worked tirelessly in the field of education and school education of his compatriots for more than half a century. This is evidenced by the results of scientific research by famous scientists G.N. Volkov, V.D. Dimitriev, N.G. Krasnov, G.N. Plechov, I.V. Pavlov, etc. Of particular research interest among the many letters of I. Ya. Yakovlev are lines related to the life of his own family. The study of the epistolary heritage of I. Ya. Yakovlev showed that the family was of great importance in his life. He has always sought to create and maintain an atmosphere of human relations in the family, based primarily on spiritual and moral virtues.
    Keywords:
    family, spiritual and moral foundations, epistolary heritage, Simbirsk Chuvash teacher's school
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  • Peculiarities of the development of arbitrariness of mental cognitive processes in primary school children

    Research Article
    Development of education Volume 8 No 1
    Authors:
    Svetlana A. Elantseva, Victoria A. Uslamina
    Work direction:
    Psychology in Education
    Abstract:
    The relevance of the study lies in understanding the development of cognitive and regulatory functions in primary school-age children, which is crucial for their adaptation to the modern socio-cultural context. Rapid changes in technology and education require the development of volitional processes such as attention, memory, planning, and self-organization, key for academic and social adaptation. The study was conducted with a sample of 60 children (ages 8-9) from the Municipal Autonomous Educational Institution Secondary School No. 31 in Ishim. Diagnostic techniques assessed various aspects of volitional functions: goal-setting, forecasting, planning, correction, flexibility, adaptability, and reflection. Methods used included "Template," "Running Goose," "Simple Instructions Test," "Circles," and others, with data analysis performed using the φ* criterion – Fisher’s angular transformation. Most children’s voluntary cognitive and regulatory functions are in an active process of formation, with their components developing unevenly. Prediction, adaptability, and mnemonic abilities develop faster and more efficiently than goal setting, planning, correction, flexibility of actions, reflection, and attentional abilities. The study confirms the need for psychological and pedagogical support to enhance volitional functions in younger schoolchildren, aiding their successful academic and social adaptation.
    Keywords:
    adaptation, thinking, memory, attention, primary school age, planning, self-organization, imagination, cognitive mental processes, volitional control, behavior regulation
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  • THE INFLUENCE OF PERSONAL QUALITIES OF A LEADER ON MAKING EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT DECISIONS

    Proceeding
    Strategies of Sustainable Development: Social, Law and External-economic Aspects
    Author:
    Olga M. Ermolaeva
    Work direction:
    Вопросы социально-экономической эффективности предприятий
    Abstract:
    The article is a theoretical review of the influence of personal qualities on management decisions and can serve as a basis for further empirical research in this area. The paper analyzes the key personal characteristics that affect the quality and effectiveness of management decisions, and also examines the mechanisms of interaction between personal qualities and the effectiveness of management activities.
    Keywords:
    motivation, creativity, efficiency, communication, responsibility, Personal qualities, leadership, manager, managerial decision, strategic thinking
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  • The essence of the crisis and factors of entrepreneurship development

    Proceeding
    Strategies of Sustainable Development: Social, Law and External-economic Aspects
    Author:
    Liliia M. Parfenchuk
    Work direction:
    Вопросы социально-экономической эффективности предприятий
    Abstract:
    The article explores the phenomenon of crises of entrepreneurial activity, their causes, signs and stages. Their dual nature - a threat and a stimulus for renewal - is emphasised. The article considers the system approach to analysing and managing crises, as well as the need to adapt management to changing conditions in order to increase the sustainability of business.
    Keywords:
    crisis, system approach, entrepreneurial activity, crisis management, business processes, development strategy, retrospective analysis, crisis factors
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  • РАЗВИТИЕ СЛОВЕСНО-ЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ПАМЯТИ У ДЕТЕЙ МЛАДШЕГО ШКОЛЬНОГО ВОЗРАСТА С ПОМОЩЬЮ ДИДАКТИЧЕСКИХ ИГР

    Proceeding
    Education, innovation, research as a resource for community development
    Author:
    Iuliia A. Mirnova
    Work direction:
    Современные технологии в образовании
    Abstract:
    The article deals with the development of verbal and logical memory in children of primary school age. Taking into account the peculiarities of cognitive development at this age, the importance of using didactic games as an effective tool for the formation and strengthening of memory is emphasized. The theoretical foundations, examples of games and recommendations for teachers and parents are given.
    Keywords:
    learning, primary school age, pedagogy, recommendations, cognitive development, the word is logical memory, didactic games, memory development, games for children
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  • Analysis of cinematic images and their psychocorrectional meanings

    Proceeding
    Education, innovation, research as a resource for community development
    Author:
    Svetlana A. Solovyova
    Work direction:
    Социальные процессы и образование
    Abstract:
    Cinema, as one of the most influential forms of art, has a significant impact on the formation of human perception, emotional state and behavior. This article examines the phenomenon of the cinematic image as a complex artistic structure capable of performing not only an aesthetic, but also a psychocorrectional function. The research is aimed at identifying the mechanisms of the impact of cinematic images on the psychoemotional state of the viewer and analyzing their potential use in the framework of psychotherapeutic practice.
    Keywords:
    empathy, reflection, art therapy, psychocorrection, cinematography, identification, projection, psycho-emotional state, cinematic image, emotional impact, psychotherapy, catharsis, behavior modeling, film therapy, archetypes
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  • Problemy razvitiia otechestvennoi teorii upravleniia organizatsiiami v usloviiakh sovremennoi rynochnoi ekonomiki i perspektivy ikh resheniia

    Book Chapter
    Development of the Russian socio-economic system: challenges and prospects
    Author:
    Aleksandr A. Kiselev
    Work direction:
    Глава 1
    Abstract:
    At present, the domestic theory of organizational management is going through a difficult period of adaptation to the new conditions of the market economy, to the scientific rethinking and justification of the inclusion of foreign concepts and terms in its conceptual apparatus, giving relevance to modern scientific provisions of the domestic theory of organizational management in their practical activities. It should be noted that today it is important to remove from use a number of foreign terms that have no scientific feasibility for their inclusion in the conceptual apparatus of the domestic theory of management and at the same time to determine the scientific essence and place in the conceptual apparatus of those foreign concepts that are actively used by both researchers and practitioners in their professional activities. And an important condition for the effectiveness of the development of the domestic theory of organizational management in modern conditions is, firstly, the exclusion of «blurring» and «rewriting» by researchers the content of the basic concept of «management» for each specific situation, and secondly, the need for scientific justification of the essence and content of the concept of «management» introduced into the conceptual apparatus of the domestic theory of organizational management, as well as its place in the conceptual apparatus in relation to the concept of «management».
    Keywords:
    Management, control, domestic theory of management of organizations, conditions of market economy, foreign concepts in domestic theory of management, relationship between the concepts of «control» and «management»
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  • Analiz truda i ego oplaty: teoreticheskii i prakticheskii aspekt

    Book Chapter
    Development of the Russian socio-economic system: challenges and prospects
    Authors:
    Liubov I. Soldatova, Iuliia I. Shmidt, Galina V. Fadeeva
    Work direction:
    Глава 2
    Abstract:
    The main source of income for any person is wages. It also helps to control the measure of labor and consumption. Therefore, wages can be considered as an economic lever for managing the economy of an enterprise. Wages act as a central factor that has a direct impact on the productivity of employees. This is the incentive for which a person works in a company. Today, the state pays special attention to the development of multiple regulations that regulate the payment of salaries to employees. First of all, it is necessary to build a wage system in the company as competently as possible. The system should be as clear as possible for each employee, because it is through it that he sees the relationship between productivity, as well as the quality of work and the amount of wages. Depending on what the wages will be, the standard of living of citizens depends, and this is an extremely important factor in the development of the state as a whole. When wages are reduced, expenses in all areas are reduced, and this also leads to an increase in unemployment.
    Keywords:
    efficiency, analysis, labor, debt, remuneration, wages, coefficients, indicators of change in output, wage fund
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  • Marketing territorii v optimizatsii upravleniia sotsial'no-ekonomicheskim razvitiem malykh gorodov Rossii

    Book Chapter
    Development of the Russian socio-economic system: challenges and prospects
    Author:
    Viacheslav I. Lapshin
    Work direction:
    Глава 4
    Abstract:
    The study focuses on the demand for marketing tools in modern conditions in managing the development of problematic territorial-administrative entities of Russia. Despite the increase in the number of studies of individual aspects of territorial marketing (image, destinations), there is a lack of a comprehensive approach to solving the problem of optimizing the structure of the economy and ensuring sustainable development of small towns in Russia. The need to consider not individual areas of territorial marketing, as applied to small towns, but to develop a unified approach to resolving the problems of development lags based on a study of typical representatives in this category is substantiated. In modern conditions, the definition of «unique» market positions, based on the introduction of marketing technologies into the management of a problematic municipality, with their subsequent «business conversion», their most optimal positioning.
    Keywords:
    Management, strategy, sustainable development, optimization, monitoring, resource potential, small towns, territorial marketing
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